Chapter 336 Chairman Lin Sen

It was the 21st year of the Republic of China. Lin Sen was appointed as the chairman of the Nanjing ** Government, Wang Zhaoming was appointed as the president of the Executive Committee, and Jiang Ruiyuan served as the chairman of the Military Commission. The Northeast was lost and the Battle of Songhu suffered huge losses. Jiang Ruiyuan was forced to abdicate again under the pressure of political and public opinion.

In his political career, this kind of thing was not the first time, nor would it be the last time. No matter how helpless and depressed it was, it was not a bad thing to temporarily escape from the center of the political vortex. As long as he firmly grasps military power, he would not be afraid of any big waves from his opposition forces.

The Republic of China was the only legal regime in China at this time. 1932 was at the time of internal and external troubles for the Republic of China.

The main internal troubles are the separatist regimes in various parts of China. Some of them are superficially surrendered to the ** government, while others are too lazy to even look like they are, such as Hualian and Hongmen.

Needless to say, Hualian is entrenched in six provinces and occupies a fertile land along the southern coast of China. It has a prosperous economy and strong industry, which is really a major concern for the central government of the ** government.

The Red Gate of China did not stop. Taking advantage of the great opportunity of Japan's invasion of the Northeast, the Red Army established the Red Republic of China in southern Jiangxi and western Fujian in 1931, with Ruijin as the center, becoming the central area of ​​the national redification movement, and received help from the Soviet Union.

Its main armed force was the Chi Yi Front Army, also known as the Central Red Army. At that time, the Chihua regime had been established in 231 counties and 00,000 people across the country, and the construction of the Chi District entered its heyday.

Jiang Ruiyuan believed that "the foreign war must first stabilize the country." The Hualian League had already shown a consistent attitude of cooperation with the ** Army in fighting against foreign enemies, not to mention that the persimmons should be picked and pinched. The Hongmen Chi District became a thorn in the eyes of the Central Army. In the first two years of 1932, the ** Party organized three encirclements and suppression of the Soviet area, all of which were defeated by the loss of troops.

Now it is 1932. As Japan's invasion of China becomes increasingly obvious, Jiang Ruiyuan also urgently needs a solid rear so that he can feel at ease to let the main force carry out the War of Defense of the Kingdom on the front line.

Because of this, the ** Party launched the fourth "encirclement and suppression", and as a result, the two battles between Huangpi and Caotaigang lost three divisions, more than 10,000 guns, and more than 10,000 captured. The fourth encirclement and suppression failed again. On December 1, the Fourth Front Army of the Chi Fourth Front Army entered Sichuan from Shaanxi.

Under this situation, and the Western economy is also in a time of great depression, the originally devastated Chinese economy is even more bleak, with financial and industrial and commercial turmoil, a large amount of silver leaked, raw material prices fell, and the consumer market is sluggish. Workers' strikes continued, and rural areas are full of sorrow.

The funds originally planned to invest in economic projects were diverted to military goals in large quantities, and the Party was forced to start by sorting out domestic debts to avoid the occurrence of a fiscal crisis.

As for the country's foreign troubles, it is not to mention that the Northeast fell under the iron hooves of Japan in 19321. On January 12, the Japanese army landed in Qingdao again. On January 28, the Japanese army launched a large-scale attack on Shanghai, and the "January 28th" War of Resistance broke out. On January 30, the National Government was forced to move the capital to Luoyang. On March 9, Japan's support for the pseudo-Manchukuo was established in Changchun and implemented colonial rule over the Northeast.

This series of sudden changes in wars are dazzling and overwhelming.

Speaking of the capital of the ** government, it has also changed several times according to the turmoil in the current situation. As early as December 13, 1926, the establishment of the Wuhan Provisional Central Party and Government Joint Conference marked the move of the ** government to Wuhan. On January 1, 1927, the heads of the government also officially worked in Wuhan, and Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang were the full names of Jingzhao District.

As the capital of Wuhan, the development of the Great Government brought the ** government from the Guangzhou period to the Wuhan period.

On April 12, 1927, Jiang Ruiyuan raised his butcher knife to the group of tyrannical deceased men because the Hongmen was troubled by the Northern Expedition Army, suppressed the Hongmen's anti-** coup, and established a central government in Nanjing on April 18, establishing a Nanjing government, confronting the Wuhan government.

At this time, a political situation of Ninghan split occurred in China. Wang Zhaoming, who represented the Wuhan government, quickly turned right after being fooled by the Hongmen, and launched the "July 15th Five-Year Plan" Xiong Dong, which marked the official beginning of the vigorous and vigorous Great Navy.

**The Party can finally get rid of the shackles of the Soviet Union. Although it has not yet escaped the essence of the system of redification due to its innate organizational problems. At least this redification is China's own, unlike the pure loyal Soviet Union, who is unscrupulously betrayed the country and nation.

At this time, the opposition of the Han side, the centrifugation of warlord factions in various places, and the failure of the Xuzhou battle also put Jiang Ruiyuan in trouble. He resigned to the Nanjing government by retreating to advance, and left Nanjing to Shanghai on August 12 to announce his resignation. On September 16, the Central Special Committee was established and decided to move the capital of the ** government from Wuhan to Nanjing, realizing the "Ninghan merger".

Jiang Ruiyuan married Soong Mei-ling in his absence from his resignation period, and received support from Britain and the United States. He then announced his return soon and regained military and political power. The "Ninghan merger" marked the establishment of the one-party dictatorship rule of the ** Party.

The essence of redification lies in the fact that the party's power is higher than the country, and political power is more important than the national interests. Use violent means to suppress the dissatisfaction of the people and form an infinitely expanding political privilege class. Jiang Ruiyuan is still following the redification route, which is exactly the same as the organizational concept of Hongmen.

The only difference is that the ** Party has at least a lot of shadows of Chinese traditional culture, while the Hongmen is completely redundant. In their eyes, national culture is all decayed and outdated, and should be abandoned.

In 1932, the "January and February 8th" incident broke out, and the Japanese army launched a large-scale attack on Shanghai, and Nanjing was the imperial capital. The situation was critical. As a last resort, the ** government discussed moving the capital. Some talked about moving to Xi'an, some talked about Luoyang, and some talked about Hankou. Finally, they chose to move the capital to Luoyang.

On March 6, Chairman of the National Government, President Lin Sen, President Wang Jingwei and others moved from Kaifeng to Luoyang by special car. At this time, the capital was nominally intended to last the war of resistance. In fact, the capital was not entirely moved away, and the focus was still on Nanjing. On May 5, the "Shanghu Armistice Agreement" was signed, and Sino-Japanese relations eased.

In November, the ** government moved the capital back to Nanjing. After all, Jinling was the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, and in this era it was indeed more suitable as the political center of the country than Luoyang.

In the long river of history, there are always many people who are not dazzling and forgotten by later generations, but these taciturn people also have many people with extremely high qualities and worthy of respect for the world, such as Lin Sen, who became President of the country in January 1932.

As the chairman of the ** government, he was regarded by many ** party members as "the government who looked at the seal". He was the pioneer of the 1911 **, a hero of the anti-Yuan Dharma Protector, and one of the founders of the Republic of China. However, as an official, he pursued the "three no" principle of "not fighting for power, not taking advantage of power, not acting as a mighty man, and not forming cliques for personal gain."

He is Lin Sen, a person who should be remembered by history.

Lin Sen was born in Min County, Fujian Province. His life journey from "a scholar to a president of the State Government" and his experience of becoming the first Senate Speaker of the Republic of China and being re-elected for 12 years can indeed be regarded as a legend.

Although he is the priest of a country, Lin Sen has never regarded himself as a noble person. The image of a "head of common people" has brought a lot of respect to him. He was born in a humble background and received 14 years of Western education in the church school. Because of his deep pain in the nation's danger, he quickly embarked on the road of republic and became an outstanding leader, making outstanding contributions to the Xinhai University.

After the victory of the 1911**, as one of the founders of the Republic of China, he became the first speaker of the Senate, participated in many key decisions to create a republic, and worked with Sun Yixian and Yuan Shikai. During the period of Yuan Shikai's usurpation of power and the rule of the Beiyang warlords, he traveled around and committed to recreating the republic. In the process, he experienced ups and downs and downs in the officialdom.

Shortly after Sun Yixian's death, Lin Sen changed from "Rong Chi" to anti-Chi, and had amazing talents and persistence in both political vision and personal conscience.

Lin Sen's experience is rich, complex and bumpy. Looking at his life, he has done a lot of good things to the recovery of Chinese civilization. In addition to his patriotism and his lifelong patriotism, he is honest and honest in his official career, does not seek fame and fortune, attaches importance to education, and is very strict in self-disciplined, which are also his advantages.

Especially his spirit of advocating democracy and the rule of law is even more commendable. When he was the Speaker of the Senate, he had a record of rejecting the decisions of the two "Presidents", Sun Yixian and Yuan Shikai. Especially in full view of the public, he once made the arrogant and arrogant Yuan Shikai have to be allowed to enter the Senate only after he was lifted his sword. This move is particularly admirable.

After Jiang Ruiyuan came to power, Lin Sen still did not change his true nature as a scholar. As the ** Party Supervisory Committee member, he participated in the impeachment of Jiang Ruiyuan several times, which made Jiang very angry.

Lin Sen was an official, did not like to be arrogant, did things in a low-key manner, followed the "three no" principle of "not fighting for power, not taking advantage of power, not acting as a mighty person, not forming a party for personal gain", and emphasized "governing by doing nothing".

But also because of this style, he was neglected within the party and the country. When Lin Sen became the "President of the State Government", many people in the party did not value Lin Sen, the "Prespect of the State Government", and even regarded him as "the State Government's Seal".

Hu Shi once commented on this situation: "Mr. Lin Zichao made the President of the State Government 'empty position' so that some people were 'prejudged'." But he was not "doing nothing", and he always took the initiative to do what he should do.

This is also related to his noble character of a literati. He does not fight for power, but does not flatter others. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, Lin Sen even participated in the righteous act of opposing the cedes of the Jiannu government to Taiwan. Because of this, he had a very unpleasant experience with the Jiannu government at that time. He was not a corrupt scholar, but had his own pride.

The same thing happened during the Northern Expedition. Unlike Sun Yixian's power-making priority, Lin Sen strongly opposed cooperation with Hongmen, and therefore participated in the "Xishan Conference Sect". He was expelled from the Party Central Committee of the ** Party. It was not until June 11, 1927 that the Party Department of the Nanjing ** Party Central Committee announced the abolition of the slogan of "destroying the Xishan Conference Sect". Lin Sen, Zhang Ji, Xie Chi, Zou Lu and others also restored their party membership.

In terms of political philosophy, his beliefs have a lot in common with Jiang Ruiyuan, especially in terms of getting rid of Soviet control, and they have a consensus.

Therefore, in February 1928, Lin Sen was elected as a member of the ** Government, and then was elected as Vice President of the Legislative Yuan, and then elected as a member of the ** Party Central Committee and an important figure in the ** Party Central Committee and the government.

On March 2, 1931, because Hu Hanmin and Wang Zhaoming joined forces to defeat Jiang Ruiyuan during the Central Plains War, Hu Hanmin, as the Legislative Yuan, was imprisoned by Jiang Ruiyuan, and Lin Sen was elected as the Legislative Yuan and became an important member of the ** Party Central Committee.

After the Japanese Empire launched the "September 18th" Incident, it was supposed to unite to fight against the Japanese. However, when the Fourth National Congress of the ** Party was held in November 1931, the ** Party began to accuse each other and destroy each other again, which was also an old practice. The three factions represented by Jiang Ruiyuan, Hu Hanmin and Wang Zhaoming began a power struggle with each other again, and they were in stalemate.

In order to defeat Jiang Ruiyuan, Hu Hanmin and Wang Zhaoming temporarily joined forces to deal with Jiang Ruiyuan's central direct line. Under this situation, Jiang Ruiyuan forced to "retreat to advance" and announced his resignation. In this situation, Lin Sen, who was accepted by all parties and had lofty prestige, was elected as the acting chairman of the government on December 15, 1931.

At the end of the month, the First Plenary Session of the Fourth Central Committee of the Kuomintang decided that the Chairman of the National Government should be the head of state, but he did not bear actual political responsibility. On December 28, Lin Sen was officially elected as the Chairman of the National Government.

In fact, Cai Yuanpei is expected to become the chairman at this time. But Old Cai is a scholar-oriented person, with a slightly inferior qualification than Lin Sen, the first Senate Speaker of the Republic of China. Yu Youren was rejected by Hu and Wang because he was the candidate favored by Jiang Ruiyuan. Therefore, in the end, only Lin Sen was the only one, and from the perspective of public morality or private morality, Lin Sen deserves it.

Lin Sen has always been clean and has a simple life. He has raised a large number of donations for him overseas, but he did not buy himself a winter coat that was enough to prevent the cold, so he sewed a linen on the hem of his long gown to keep warm.

He lost his wife in his youth, but never married for life. He had no biological children, no family property, no three wives and four concubines, and no extravagant style of some powerful people in the party. This was a very valuable quality in the officialdom at that time. It was even better than Ji Shaoshan, the so-called great man in later generations.

Lin Sen is just not a mediocre talent, he is very sane for himself. In the "Inauguration Telegram", he said: "Sen was ordered to be confused, dared not let go, and was forced to accept the order, temporarily experiencing the crisis. At this time, the country was in a difficult situation, diplomacy was restrained, and he was in a state of disrespect, and he was in a state of trouble. He was in a state of trouble and was in trouble. He was in a state of trouble and was in a state of trouble. He was in a state of trouble and was in a state of trouble. He was in a state of trouble and was in a state of trouble. He was worried that he would temporarily servile his duties."

From these sincere words, we can see that he is well aware of the hardships of his position, so he expressed his desire to work on thin ice. This is true. When serving the ** government faces internal and external difficulties, Lin Sen was really ordered to work hard to survive the crisis.

Lin Sen often wears a long gown, a man's jacket, a childish face, and a drooping silver beard. He leans on a cane and has glasses hanging on his nose. He has a well-behaved and steady manner. If he hadn't been wearing a red ribbon on his chest and a badge of blue sky and sun, people would not have thought that such a kind old man was the head of state of the Republic of China.

In terms of clothing and diet, he is very simple, often wearing black or blue coats and robes, gray velvet hats or black top hats. All year round, regardless of cold or heat, he is wearing cloth clothes, with only thickness and no changes from time to time. In terms of diet and daily life, he also likes light vegetarian food, and almost does not touch alcohol.

Lin Sen is also very simple in accommodation. He likes quietness and nature. His former residence in Chengxian Street, Nanjing was very narrow. During his move to Luoyang, his residence was particularly simple. This is in sharp contrast to the residences of some high-ranking officials in the Party who lived in the mansions. It is even more so-called frugal people in the Hongmen Chi Dynasty in the later years.

The reason why he was able to serve as the highest political position of President of the State is certainly not enough for integrity alone. This is related to Lin Sen's ideological character. He has both the Taoist side of fame and fortune and the other side of traditional Confucianism. Ascending to the seat of the President of the State Government, Lin Sen did not compete for power with the mood of dominating the world.

Therefore, his political style has a strong "governance by inaction". After passing the revision of the "Central Political Reform Case", the president of the country, Lin Sen, was no longer the leader who monopolized the power of the party, government and military, but was a void position with an empty reputation.

Since he was a head of state, Lin Sen tried his best to abide by the explicit provisions of "the chairman of the government does not bear actual responsibility". He tried not to ask about details and not interfere with the work of the cabinet. So that more than a month after he became chairman, the officials of the Executive Yuan remembered that they should visit Chairman Lin.

If the President of the State Government is a person with an unknown general and a strong personality, if he is unwilling to be a chairman who only wishes, then the scene of "The Controversy between the Government and the Court" sung in Beijing more than ten years ago will not be easily avoided. Only by living in this era of controversy everywhere, and thinking about the position of the President of the State Government, who was integrated into the party, government and military two years ago, can we understand how important historical significance Chairman Lin Sen's humility and inaction has.

Indeed, when Jiang Ruiyuan was the chairman of the ** government, because he had a strong political life, he also served as the supreme leader of the ** party and the army, and was an iron-fisted figure with the power of the world. However, because of his sharpness and too many enemies, it caused years of warlord melee and factional disputes, which made the country unrest and the public resentment.

Even Jiang Ruiyuan himself was forced to step down twice. In contrast, Lin Sen's humility and inaction are indeed of historical significance. Lin Sen and Jiang Ruiyuan are both soft and hard in character, so they can cooperate with each other and work together for a long time and be safe. Of course, this is mainly because of Lin Sen's rationality.

But even such an excellent politician was eventually forgotten by history. Because he neither made a heinous mistake nor did he do great things, nor abused his power and revised historical books to demonstrate his greatness.

Such a majestic figure is like a mountain, like the world, majestic and vast, but profound. For national affairs, a person's personal character is of no use to the country and the people, but Lin Sen was unexpected.

It is so fortunate that China has such a kind and kind chairman in this wasted era.

Chapter 336 Chairman Lin Sen

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