Chapter 1145: New National Education
In the speeches of the senior executives of the Ministry of Education, Wang Maoru proposed specific educational norms, requiring the curriculum requirements and educational theoretical foundation of six types of schools, including junior high school, senior high school, middle school, college, technical secondary school, and junior college, and the century-old plan is the basis for education. Only by educating children well can the country have a future and hope.
According to Wang Maoru's requirements, China's primary school is a four-year system, and the age range of children recruited is from 7 to 10 years old. During school, you only need to study five subjects, namely sports, Chinese studies, etiquette, law, and science. After passing the primary examination, the scores of the five subjects are the same as 100, and there is no difference between the more important. The five subjects of primary school graduation must reach 60 points at the same time before graduation is issued. Only those with primary school graduation certificates are allowed to join the army, politics, business, apprenticeship, and go abroad. Without a primary school graduation certificate, you are only allowed to engage in the minimum work. The salary in any company shall not exceed the salary of high-grade apprenticeships.
It can be seen from this that Wang Maoru took great pains to pursue literacy.
Primary school sports education is mainly based on teamwork projects. In sports events, such as long-distance running and sprinting, they focus on being abandoned. Children must learn teamwork from an early age, score points by team scores, develop a spirit of unity and cooperation, and no longer require personal grades to be good or bad. No matter how good a person performs, it is not as good as group grades. No matter how poor a person performs, there is always a position he can achieve in the team. This requirement also cultivates children's friendship, so that any child must be aware of making friends and trusting partners in order to succeed.
Primary and secondary school students are guided by vivid historical stories and teach children Chinese characters. During the four years of primary school, they must learn 500 Chinese characters before the primary school diploma is allowed. Of course, children like stories, and every text in Chinese studies is an interesting story in history. For example, Meng’s mother moved three times, mother-in-law’s tattoo of loyalty to the country, Taoyuan’s three charity, etc., teachers tell stories, and students know three Chinese characters in one class, which is not difficult. Naturally, the Chinese studies stories also explain the ideas and principles of Confucianism and Legal ideas such as patriotism, love for the family, love others, and integrity.
Etiquette courses in primary schools are also important curriculum standards, including etiquette rituals for the elderly, etiquettes for relatives, etiquettes for raw and mature rituals, and rituals for sacrificial rituals, and other etiquette courses. They also include etiquette rituals for boys and etiquette for girls. China has been known for its etiquette country since ancient times, but while constantly integrating cultures of other ethnic groups, other countries and other regions, it has lost its own culture, especially etiquette culture, which has led to the view of foreigners that the Chinese people are the worst-quality people in the world, and Japan, who learns Chinese etiquette. On the contrary, the most civilized, most popular and polite nation in the world is because of the loss of Chinese polite education, and the country of etiquette has become a rude country. Although the etiquette courses requested by Wang Maoru have been opposed by many people studying abroad, they also cater to the recognition and support of the gentry, chaebols and Confucians in their country. It is precisely because of this polite education that Wang Maoru is considered a conservative leader in China and a stubborn person.
Primary school law education is to educate children from an early age. What laws do the country have? It does not require children to remember the entire content of the law, but they are required to be familiar with the national laws so as not to become legal ignorant after graduation in the future. Children can even use the knowledge in the law to write letters to local officials and point out their mistakes. This article is in line with Wang Maoru's Confucianism's legal thinking. Governing the country according to law, governing the people according to law, self-discipline according to law, and self-defense according to law. In another time and space, how many adults are legal ignorant are legal ignorant because they have not received education since childhood, and when they grow up, they have no time to learn education. I am afraid that those who learn legal knowledge are except judges and lawyers, and they are prisoners in prisons. Everything is based on hidden rules and not following the law, and the source is that they do not know the law. (The legal ignorant in life is everywhere, and they will only retaliate with violence when they are hurt. It is almost a practice to not know the law. It is called useless and afraid of trouble, but in fact it is because they do not understand the law)
The science of primary school includes mathematics and natural museums, the examination of addition and subtraction within a thousand yuan after junior high school graduation, the expression methods of Arabic numerals, understanding maps, explanation of natural phenomena, etc., giving children a scientific world. Of course, they do not understand the science of the primary school children, so they are not very understanding of the science of the too profound science. Therefore, the science subject is a very easy subject. At least compared with the law and etiquette, this subject is more popular. Because of learning science, children also know more about what is outside, they can understand the world map, and they can understand the map of China, and they know that in addition to their own towns and cities, there are so many good places, so many people and the world.
The same four-year system is adopted in the Republic of China, and the students' age range is from 11 to 14 years old. They study six subjects: physical education, Chinese studies, mathematics, history, geography, and art during school. Primary school is no longer free compulsory education, but the fees are low. For children from ordinary families, if they want to go to school, they can still study. For children from poor families who work early to support their families, they are not required to continue their studies. At the same time, when enrolling in primary schools, children with outstanding grades will be exempted from school fees, and the full quota must account for 10% of the total number of primary school students.
The sports of senior high school students are the same as those of primary school students. They take team sports as their main learning goal, do not pay attention to personal achievements, and cultivate children's teamwork spirit and trust in teammates.
The Chinese studies of Gao Primary School began to come into contact with novels such as Han fu, Tang poetry, Song lyrics, Yuan lyrics, Ming and Qing dynasties. They were able to learn to use vernacular Chinese to interpret the meaning of ancient literature. When interpreting works by ancient people, no Chinese studies teacher shall give students their own answers, nor shall they limit the thoughts and cognition of primary school students. At the same time, students are required to know more than 2,000 characters in Chinese characters, and be able to write articles and sketches in vernacular Chinese, and be able to accurately express their meaning.
Mathematics of Gao Primary School is a branch of primary school science. During this period, students began to learn multiplication and division, and added application questions, abacus, and mental arithmetic.
The history of high school primary school and geography are also a branch of primary school science. History is dominated by Chinese history and world history as the supplement, and geography is dominated by Chinese geography as the supplement. Generally speaking, it still allows students to increase their knowledge and knowledge.
The art of high school requires students to perform among hundreds of techniques such as piano, chess, calligraphy and painting. Piano, erhu, violin, violin, flute, sheng and flute, etc., and even singing, acrobatics, oral skills. This subject is naturally opposed by many old scholars. For old scholars, everything is inferior, but reading is high. What kind of art is equivalent to learning to learn despicable craftsmanship. Students read books of sages, but why should they learn opera? Are they afraid that students will not be able to study and perform on the streets in the future? Wang Maoru did not explain this. The old scholars opposed it and opposed it at home. Students who have nothing to do except study will definitely not be able to graduate - the old scholars can only protest twice.
Middle schools in the Republic of China adopt a four-year system, with an enrollment age of approximately 15 to 18 years old. The subjects taught are seven subjects: physical education, Chinese studies, mathematics, geometry, Gezhi (physical and chemistry), ancient Chinese, and art. They are divided in detail again. The total score of the seven subjects is 700 points, and the graduation certificate will be based on 350 points. Regardless of the other subjects, the physical subject is mainly based on personal abilities, and no longer examines group sports, and focuses on the development of personal abilities.
The four-year undergraduate university in the Republic of China, with an admission age starting from 19 years old. The subjects are no longer divided by the Ministry of Education. The respective universities are set by themselves. The Ministry of Education stipulates that the compulsory subjects of each university are law, ethics, military skills, sports, and art. In addition to the national undergraduate universities, Wang Maoru suggested that provinces establish provincial national undergraduate universities separately to cultivate talents in each province. Just like the Henan University established by Xu Shichang in Henan, it is a special provincial university because it is a private university, which is managed and supervised by the Ministry of Education but not managed. The provincial universities suggested by Wang Maoru are universities managed and supervised at the same time in each province. Two are each, one is a normal university and the other is a science university to cultivate national science talents. Wang Maoru, who was born in science, believes from beginning to end that if there are too many liberal arts students in a country, it will be an accident.
The junior colleges in the Republic of China were divided into technical secondary schools and junior colleges, mainly to cultivate professional talents. The Ministry of Education did not arrange subject standards, but at the same time required compulsory subjects, such as Chinese studies, mathematics, gezhi, law, ethics and art in technical secondary schools. The remaining subjects and time were arranged by each junior college. Because a large number of bankrupt Germans and Belarus immigrated to China, these people went to technical secondary schools and began to teach Chinese students' professional skills, so that China's technical secondary schools could catch up with the world level, and would train tens of thousands of professional talents for major factories every year.
Wang Maoru attaches great importance to junior colleges and junior college talents. China does not lack theorists, revolutionaries, and people who point fingers, but what they lack is professionals and talents in various professional fields. Therefore, Wang Maoru requested in the Ministry of Education that in the future, primary school investment will account for 40% of the total education funding investment, primary school investment will account for 25% of the education funding, secondary schools account for 10% of the education funding, universities account for 5% of the education funding, secondary schools account for 15% of the education funding, and junior colleges account for 5% of the education funding.
Chapter completed!