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Chapter 583: Three Provinces and Six Departments

Zhou Yu, who felt that the time was ripe, issued an order in November of the fifth year of Jingkang to change the central government system to the "Three Provinces and Six Ministry System".

The three provinces are the Secretariat, the Menxia Provincial Department, and the Shangshu Provincial Department. "The Secretariat takes the order, the Menxia Ban confers the order, and the Shangshu follows it." This is the principle of division of labor between the three provinces, so that they restrict each other and control the country's major policies.

The Secretariat was mainly responsible for drafting edicts and decrees in accordance with the emperor's will, and the responsibility for drafting was mainly borne by the Secretariat's servants. The Secretariat's Chief was the chief of the Secretariat's Minister, and the deputy chief was the Secretariat's Minister. As the closest person around the emperor, understanding the intentions and passing the orders are important abilities. Zhou Yu naturally appointed people with both talent and virtue. After some consideration, Zhou Yu appointed Sun Quan as the Secretariat's Minister and Liu Ba as the Secretariat's Minister.

The head of the Menxia Province is the Minister of the Secretariat, and the deputy chief is the Minister of the Menxia Province, and the main officials are the Minister of the Ministry of Justice. The Menxia Province is mainly responsible for correcting the memorials of the court officials and reviewing the edicts of the Secretariat. If it is considered inappropriate, the Ministry of Justice will refute the righteousness by returning the titles and decrees of the Secretariat, which is called "sealing and refuting". The power to refute the righteousness is mainly controlled by the Minister of Justice.

According to Zhou Yu's will, the subordinate ministers had the responsibility to advise and correct the emperor's faults. The superiors must be upright and not afraid of the powerful. Zhou Yu saw all the officials in the court, but could not find talent like Wei Zheng, who assisted Emperor Gaozong of Tang in history, who would rather die than advise and argue. Therefore, Zhou Yu could only use his talents and qualifications to select people. Finally, he appointed Lu Su as the subordinate minister, Yu Fan as the subordinate minister, and young talents Sima Yi, Lu Xun, Zhao Zi and others as the subordinate ministers.

The Shangshu Province was in charge of six ministries, and its chief Shangshu Ling was extremely responsible. In order to show his favor, Zhou Yu specially granted this position to Jia Xu, who had always made great contributions to his advice. Shangshu Ling's deputy was the left and right servants, and Chen Gong and Zhuge Jin were respectively appointed.

Below the Pushe, there are left and right chiefs, left and right chiefs, and the ministers, who are responsible for the provincial affairs. Zhou Yu personally selected personnel one by one to lead the new, fully considering the inheritance of the personnel to ensure that there are no vacancies in the position.

The six ministries under the Shangshu Province are: the Ministry of Personnel, responsible for the assessment and appointment and removal of officials below the fourth rank. The Ministry of Revenue, responsible for finance, treasury, and rituals, responsible for tribute, sacrifice, and ceremonies. The Ministry of War, responsible for military and judicial affairs, responsible for judicial and auditing affairs. The specific trial is also responsible for Dali Temple, and the Ministry of Justice, organized for major cases, the Ministry of Justice, the Censorate, and the Dali Temple to review, which is called the Three Departments to review, and the Ministry of Works, responsible for engineering construction.

It can be said that the six departments of officials, households, military and criminal engineering are the real core departments that rule and manage the whole country! The heads of these six departments are official titled Shangshu and deputy titled Shu. Zhou Yu spent a lot of energy to choose the person in charge of these six departments!

The Jiangdong family, who had always supported Zhou Yu's hegemony in the early stage, must not be ignored. Those with high talents should be selected to take the post. The talents who surrendered after pacifying the Central Plains must also be selected to take on important positions in the six ministries for the sake of calming people's hearts and balancing the government. In recent years, after the training of the Tibetan Academy, young officials who managed the local areas in the Jingyang area also performed well and should be promoted to the court to be valued.

The chief of each of the six ministries of the Ministry of Liberals, Households, Military, Punishment and Work is the Secretary of the State Council, and the Deputy Chief is the Minister. Zhou Yu finally determined the main officials of the six ministries as follows:

Minister of Personnel: Zhang Zhao, Minister of Personnel: Zhuge Liang

Minister of the Ministry of Revenue: Lv Fan, Minister of the Ministry of Revenue: Bu Jiu

Minister of Rites: Chen Qun, Minister of Rites: Jiang Wan

Minister of War: Gan Ning, Minister of War: Gao Shun

Minister of Justice: Fa Zheng, Minister of Justice: Yuan Huan

Minister of Works: Liu Ye, Minister of Works: Fei Yi

If the three provinces and six ministries have a certain structure and the main officials, the pattern of the official system of the court center has been determined. After three months of operation, the central government system was finally straightened out, and Zhou Yu immediately began the transformation of the local government system.

That is the provincial system.

In real history, the provincial system began in the early Yuan Dynasty and was founded and implemented by Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty.

Zhou Yu knew that the provincial system of the Yuan Dynasty was a major development of the county system since the Qin Dynasty. It was conducive to the consolidation of a unified multi-ethnic country and had a profound impact on the Ming and Qing dynasties and later political systems. The provincial system has since become a local administrative institution in China and has been retained until later generations. In a unified multi-ethnic country, the contact and connections between various ethnic groups were further strengthened, and another situation of ethnic integration in Chinese history emerged.

According to the provincial system of the Yuan Dynasty, each province "controlled the common affairs of the country, governed the county, governed the border, and was the inside and outside the capital,... all money, grain, military and armor, farming, grain transportation, military and national affairs were taken over." This is a kind of decentralization between the central government and local administration. From the institutional perspective, the provincial jurisdiction in the Yuan Dynasty was vast, with concentrated power, and local military, government and financial power were all in harmony. The power of the province was extremely great.

Zhou Yu knew very well that under the current situation, completely copying the provincial system of later generations would bring great disadvantages. Since the end of the Han Dynasty, all heroes have emerged. One of the root causes is the state patriarchal system, which allows the state patriarchal system to have the power to rule the area and have the ambition to fight for dominance in the world.

This must be avoided.

According to Zhou Yu's idea, the establishment of the provincial system must be divided into dozens of provinces with smaller regions, that is, the provincial chiefs can manage no more than 3 to 4 counties. In terms of power, the provincial chiefs are only responsible for administrative affairs within the region, and all the taxes collected are paid, and the court then allocates funds according to the circumstances of each province to maintain the operation of administrative agencies. Military power must be firmly grasped in the hands of the court. The garrisons of each province, except for ordinary soldiers guarding the city walls, are managed and dispatched by the Ministry of War. If the provincial chief wants to call the army, it must be approved by the Ministry of War.

In this way, the power of centralization increased greatly, which was necessary in the early days of the founding of the Great Ukraine Empire.

In February of the sixth year of Jingkang, Zhou Yu issued an order to change the local official system to the "provincial system"!

The local official system before February of the sixth year of Jingkang still followed the prefecture and county system of the thirteen prefectures of the Eastern Han Dynasty, namely Sizhou, Yuzhou, Yanzhou, Xuzhou, Qingzhou, Liangzhou, Bingzhou, Jizhou, Youzhou, Yangzhou, Jingzhou, Yizhou, and Jiaozhou.

In the new provincial system, the thirteen prefectures were re-classified into fifty provinces. For example, the six counties in Yangzhou were divided into four provinces: Huaibei Province, which was under the jurisdiction of Jiujiang County and Lujiang County, a total of 28 counties; Anxi Province, which was under the jurisdiction of Danyang County and Yuzhang County, a total of 37 counties; Wu County was changed to Jiangdong Province, which was under the jurisdiction of thirteen counties; Kuaiji County was changed to Jiangnan Province, which was under the jurisdiction of 14 counties.

This is how other states all follow.

Before the provincial official system was introduced, Zhou Yu had already summoned the governors and prefects from all over the country to the capital and explained them separately. Therefore, after the provincial official system was introduced, all regions were calm. Under the auspices of the Ministry of Personnel, the chief officials of each province took office respectively. Some local tycoons felt that they had been touched and accepted it quickly under the pressure of the court.

In March of the sixth year of Jingkang, the Xianbei cavalry invaded the north of the border. Zhou Yu sent three cavalrymen Zang Ba, Zhang Liao and Xu Huang to defeat the enemy, kill 60,000 enemies, and captured nearly 100,000 war horses. Among them, Zhang Liao went all the way to the north of the desert for nearly a thousand miles, directly captured the Xianbei royal court, captured nearly a thousand Xianbei nobles, and the Xianbei forces were unable to recover from this. The other Hu tribes surrendered. Since then, the north of China has begun to stabilize for more than a hundred years.

In June of the eighth year of Jingkang, outside Jinling City, twenty giant sea ships built over five years were finally completed. A huge naval fleet was about to set sail, with the goal of the East and South China Sea countries. Zhou Yu, who was personally present, witnessed the giant warships that symbolized the prestige of China slowly faded away, imagined the situation of the coming of all countries, and felt excited.
Chapter completed!
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