Yan Chenyu's wonderful eyes turned and saw that there was a stele gallery around the hall, with eight strange calligraphy and painting inscriptions displayed inside. Kaola looked at two columns in front of the hall door. The inner one was written by Zheng Banqiao, "Simplify the three autumn trees; the unique February flowers" on the outside. The outer one was Jin Nong's "lacquer calligraphy" couplet: "After more than three thousand years old, the eighty family's writing is strange."

In front of the hall is an iron pot, just like the one in the Slender West Lake, cast in the Xiaoliang period of the Southern Dynasty and was used to cure water. Because there were many floods in Yangzhou at that time, nine iron pots have been found in Yangzhou so far.

Yan Chenyu led the koala into the hall. A group of statues of the Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou were placed in the middle of the hall. The statues were either sitting or standing, waving, meditating, whispering, and whispering. They were both form and spirit, and were lifelike. After a little attention, they clicked a few points and found that there were as many as fifteen.

It was known that the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou were represented by Jin Nong, Zheng Xie, Huang Shen, Li Fangying, Li Yi, Wang Shishen, Gao Xiang and Luo Pin. But there were Gao Fenghan, Hua Yan, Bian Shoumin, Min Zhen, Chen Zhuang, Yang Fa, Li Zi, etc., with a total of as many as fifteen people.

In fact, the concept of "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou" refers to a group of literati who lived in Yangzhou during the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong periods of the Qing Dynasty who had a sense of justice, had a stubborn personality, had strange behaviors, loved calligraphy and painting, and liked to write poetry and prose.

The Eight Eccentrics like to paint plum, bamboo, stone, orchid the most. They express their interests with the pride of plum, the hardness of stone, the altitude of bamboo, and the faint fragrance of orchid. Among them, Luo Pin also likes to paint ghosts, and the ghosts in his writings are all kinds.

Although the Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou lived in the "Kanggan Prosperity" of the Qing Dynasty, those who were popular in the officialdom at that time were humble, evil, and evil. They hated this decadent official style.

Zheng Banqiao believed that most officials who have always been officials did not do good deeds. When he was appointed as the magistrate, he sent people to dig several door holes on the outer wall of the old government office to directly lead to the street market. He also said that this would "express the vulgarity of the old government office."

The walls around the memorial hall display the calligraphy and painting works of "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou". The calligraphy and painting works of the Eccentrics of Yangzhou advocate innovation and establish a self-employed person.

The masters of artistic creation follow nature and express their temperament; they have their own characteristics in painting styles and compete for strangeness and beauty; they pursue the perfect combination of poetry, calligraphy, painting and seal in expression techniques. They are opposite to the orthodox calligraphy and painting schools that dominate at that time, and are called "strange".

With the passage of time and the change of concepts, this "weird" name has gradually changed from criticism to praise. The positive and innovative spirit of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou" has rushed out to traditional conservatives, and their works have had a profound impact on later calligraphers and painters.

At that time, most of the "Eight Eccentrics" were unwilling to enter the officialdom. In the Bingchen year of Qianlong, some people recommended Jin Nong to take the examination for the Hongci Department of Boxue, but he laughed it off. Later, some people called him a "a century-old civilian, an old famous scholar in three dynasties. He was sparse and snowy, and he was angry and never died." Five of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou" never became officials for life.

Although Zheng Banqiao, Li Fangying and Li Qi were magistrates, they were honest in their rulers, dared to offend officials, sympathize with the people, and were unwilling tolerate superiors. They successively abandoned their officials and made a living by selling paintings. The "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou" mostly placed their lifelong ambitions in poetry, calligraphy and painting. As poets, they paid attention to reflecting the sufferings of the people and expressing their inner depression, thus making their works implicitly profound ideological content. Huang Shen wrote in a short poem: "The yellow calf relies on his strength and cannot make food; the black rat has the merits of the good, so that he can enjoy Taicang!" He used this to sympathize with poor peasants and criticize corrupt officials.

Among the Eight Ecological Ecological Era, Zheng Xie is the most famous. Zheng Xie is named Banqiao. He was a scholar of Kangxi and a juren of Yongzheng. He was a Jinshi of Qianlong. Although he had been an official for more than ten years, he was honest. Later, he was dismissed due to famine and returned to Yangzhou to make a living by selling paintings.

Zheng Banqiao wrote a lot of poems and essays throughout his life, including "The Strong Official", "The Orphan", "The Flight of the Famine", etc., describing the miserable life of poor peasants. He wrote a poem "Qinyuan Heng? Hate": "Only cold bones are hard to change, and the remaining mat hat and blue shirt are too thin. Look at the autumn grass of the Pengmen. The alleys are broken every year; the sparse windows are drizzling, and the lonely lamps are lonely every night.

Is it true that God still hates his mouth and cannot let out a long sound? He is so crazy that he takes a hundred black silk and writes the desolateness in detail." His compassion for the heavens and the people are beyond words.

He also has a famous poem about paintings: "Lying in the yamen, I listen to the silence of bamboo, I suspect it is the suffering of the people. Some officials from the county level in our province are all concerned about their feelings." Such a group of literati who were not satisfied with talent, with a cynical attitude, indulged in the mountains and rivers, and used calligraphy, painting, poetry and essays to vent their depression.

His ups and downs of life experience made him write well-known works such as "Suffering losses is a blessing, but being confused is rare". There is also an ancient ginkgo tree outside the hall. This hall has a history of more than 600 years, and this ginkgo tree has more than 700 years of age.

In front of the ginkgo tree outside the main hall of the Western Temple is the abbot's room, which is also the place where Jin Nong, the head of the Eight Ecological Evils in Yangzhou, lived here. Jin Nong lived here after he was 70 years old. The abbot's room is three rooms wide, two in front and back, and a courtyard in the middle.

Jin Nong's name is Shoumen, Si Nong, Ji Jin, and also called Dong Xin, and also called Jiliu Mountain Min, Qujiang Waishi, Xiye Layman, etc. The alias are: Taurus, Lao Ding, Guquan, Zhuquan, Jimeizhu, Lianshen Layman, Longsuo Xianke, Shame Chunweng, Shou Taoist, Jin Jijin, Suvaroji Suvaro ("Suvaro" in Buddhist classics means "Jin" in Chinese, Suvaroji Suvaro is Jin Jijin), Xin Erliulang, Xiantan Flower Sweeper, Jinniu Lake Meeting Old, Hundred and Two Inkstone Field Rich Man, etc.

Jin Nong was born in the 26th year of Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1686) and died in the 28th year of Qianlong (1763). Jin Nong was very smart. In his early years, he studied in the family of scholar He Zhuo. He was close to Ding Jing, one of the "Eight Schools of Xiling", and interacted with Ding Jing, known as the "Three High Scholars in Western Zhejiang", which made him more knowledgeable and talented. In the first year of Qianlong (1736), he was depressed and unsuccessful. He traveled around, traveled around Qi, Lu, Yan, Zhao, Qin, Jin, Wu, and Guangdong, and never met anything. He started to learn painting at the age of fifty years. Because of his extensive knowledge, he browsed many famous works and had a profound calligraphy base, and eventually became a famous master.

In the fifteenth year of Qianlong's reign, 64-year-old Jin Nong began to settle down in Yangzhou to sell calligraphy and paintings to support himself, and became the leader of the eight strangers in Yangzhou. His wife died and had no children, so he did not return. He first lived in Xie Sikong Temple, and today Ning Temple. At the age of 70, he moved to Xifang Temple. In the autumn of the 28th year of Qianlong's reign, 77-year-old Jin Nong passed away in loneliness.

Compared with the other seven monsters, Jin Nong's painting path was wider, he did not follow others, took unique ways, and was unique, which was inseparable from his knowledge, talent, and mind. Since he did not serve in his life, he was very famous in the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong dynasties, so he was known as "the famous scholar of the three dynasties".

The three rooms in front of him are Jin Nong's Buddhist chanting halls that year. The Buddha statues in the middle of the Buddha silhouette were painted by Jin Nong himself. Jin Nong believed in Buddhism in his later years and specialized in painting and writing scriptures. Now Jin Nong's living room has restored his living paintings and furnishings.

Walk into Jinnong's Buddhist chanting hall. From the five-character couplet in this Buddha niche: I have written hundreds of scriptures and painted thousands of Buddhas. You can imagine Jinnong's situation and mentality back then. The Buddha statue painted by Jinnong in the middle is particularly wonderful.

The lines used in the wrinkle structure of the clothes are calligraphy brushes with a rich flavor of gold and stone, such as "golden knife", which is like "cone painting sand". It is also agile in the solemn and thick. The face is outlined with lines with "ink brush" method. It is very vivid.

The most distinctive thing is that it uses more than 700 characters in more than twenty lines as the background, such as a string of hanging couplets written with Zen words. The content records where the Buddha comes from and how the Buddha plays people. In history, forty great painters have drawn Buddha statues for each temple, as well as their own understanding of Buddhism and the scene descriptions of painting. It can be called Jin Nong's painting of Buddha's tripod.

The Buddhist temple is surrounded by pictures of Jin Nong and Luo Pin painted here, each with an appreciation essay. This "Sweeping Tower in the Xianglin" vividly carves the image of a unkempt and rusty monk cleaning the courtyard from the back.

The inscription says: "The Buddhist scrubbing is the first deacon. From the novice monks to the old and bald, they all get up early and work diligently. There is a tower in the fragrant forest, which sweeps and washes. Then washes and sweeps. The relics magnify the light, and are not in the tower but in the hands. Suvaroji Suvaro's story."

This philosophical text is the embodiment of Jin Nong's Buddhist thought of "Buddha is my heart".

The back is three rooms, with the living room in the middle, the left is the bedroom, and the right is the studio. In the autumn of the 20th year of Qianlong (1763), Jin Nongke died here. The next year, his disciple Luo Pin Fushu was buried in Huanghe Mountain, Linping, Xihu City.

There are couplets of Jin Nong's "lacquered calligraphy style" hanging on the door post of the house, "and drink fine wine with a young man; and have a better look at the ancient and extraordinary books."

In his later years, Jin Nong lived in this small courtyard with two entrances and three-bedroom width. At that time, the Western Temple was depressed and decaying. It was a desolate place. Jin Nong once wrote a poem on the wall in the temple: "There is no Buddha or monk. There is a lamp in the empty hall. A cup of wine in the Jingkou, and a book kills the vine in the Yanzhong. I am now obeying the dream, but I am still flattering. What do you think here? A crane on the pond peeks at the ice."

At this time, Jin Nong was old and weak, and he commented on himself: "Everyone has lost all his false thoughts", calling himself "the youngest disciple of Tathagata", "the heart became a monk and became a monk in the temple to make a living", while selling paintings, while reciting scriptures, writing scriptures, and painting Buddha himself entertained.

It seemed that the situation was very desolate at that time. The painter lay alone in the lamp, with only a single figure, but the respectable ones "fashioned people but failed to get old" and would never be attracted by the flames. He would rather "sighting on the ice on the pond" and keep it elegant and noble, and win people's remembrance with his character and artwork. What can comfort Mr. is that his former residence has now become a memorial hall to commemorate their Eight Eccentrics, and the life achievements of the Eccentrics and the fragrant calligraphy have made future generations admire the Eccentrics' eclectics.

There is a small courtyard between the front and back of the living room, with two century-old osmanthus trees. The fence of bananas are planted against the wall to the west, and strange rocks are erected. It is based on Jin Nong's "Banana Stone Picture". Although it is small, it has a very artistic conception. The living room is three rooms behind, the bedroom is the east, the living room is the middle, and the studio is the west.

Jin Nong's "Picking Rock Painting" was hung on the bedroom wall, and the poem was written in the poem: "The mountains in Wuxing are like green snails, and there are more trees at the foot of the mountain than cows. I pick the rock Paintings and pick the rock Paintings again, and I hear laughing songs across the boat. Wang Sun was old and hurt his old age, and painted the road on the Yuhu Lake. His hands were delicate and affectionate, and I thought about the red sleeves and set the sun crossing."

A couplet on the wall in the middle of the living room, "The poems about bad clothes and food are better, and neither Buddha nor immortals are surprising." It was given to his old friend Wang Shishen by Jin Nong's collection of Tang Dynasty sentences. Wang Shishen had a common man all his life, and his fate was bumpy. He was blind in his later years. Jin Nong praised others for their strangeness and good poems, which reflected the close love between the two and their confidants. In fact, this couplet was also a portrayal of Jin Nong himself.

The self-portrait in the middle is both form and spirit. The youngest disciple of the Tathagata wears red shoes, which means "breaking the world". Four calligraphy and paintings are hung on the left and right walls, namely Jin Nong's "Spring Scenery Picture of Jade Pot", Wang Shishen's "Plum Branch Picture", Zheng Banqiao's "Poems of Paintings", and Luo Pin's "Bamboo and Stone Picture".

There are bookcases, treasure cabinets, painting tables, and there is also an unfinished picture of plum branches on the painting table, as if the owner had just left. Jin Nong lives in Yangzhou and becomes a guest who is a major salt merchant. A salt merchant is at Pingshan Hall. During the banquet, someone suggested that each person make a poem about "Flying Red" to help the wine. When it was the turn of the salt merchant, he thought hard for a long time and did not think of a sentence.

When the guests asked him to drink, he suddenly said, "Willet catkins fly red."

Everyone laughed and said that it was his nonsense. Can the catkins like snow be "red in pieces"? They asked him to hand over the source. In the awkwardness, Jin Nong stood up and said, "This is a poem by the Yuan people chanted Pingshantang, and he quoted it very correctly."

Everyone did not believe it, so they asked Jin Nong to read the whole article. Jin Nong calmly recited: Twenty-four winds beside the twenty-four bridges, and I still remember the old Jiangdong by the railing. The sunset shines on the Taohuawu, and willow catkins fly red.

In fact, this poem was written by Jin Nong as a rescuer. The embarrassed salt merchant was of course very happy. After a day, he gave a lot of silver to Jin Nong as a reward.

The southwest of the house is the Jinnong Tea Room. Here you can learn a lot about tea culture from the calligraphy and painting works of Jinnong and Wang Shishen, who is known as the "tea saint". Wang Shishen was blind in his later years. The reason for his blindness may be directly related to his excessive tea appetite.

This "Yuchuanzi Jiancha Picture" is a copy of Jin Nong imitating the Song Dynasty. The situation of Jiancha in the painting reproduces the original method of making tea. This famous "tea song" in the calligraphy work of "Yuchuanzi Jiacha" is a description of the seven realms of drinking tea by the Tang Dynasty poet Lu Tong:

"One bowl of throat moistens, two bowls of loneliness and stuffiness. Three bowls of bowls search for dry intestines, but only five thousand volumes of words. Four bowls of sweat lightly, and life injustice is scattered to the pores. Five bowls of muscles and bones are clear, and six bowls of immortals are connected. Seven bowls cannot be eaten, but only the breeze of the armpits is born. Where is Penglai Mountain? Yuchuanzi, I am going to go with this breeze."

In the future, anyone who studies tea likes to quote this poem, because tea is not just a drink for us Chinese. It has long become a symbol of spirit and a symbol of life, and has been deeply integrated into Chinese culture.

A row of green bamboos on the west side of the tea room are born against the wall, sparse and dense. The white wall is written with "lacquer books" in a staggered manner:

"I started to learn how to paint bamboo after I was 60 years old. I didn't know that there were people in the bamboo school of the predecessors. There were tens of millions of bamboo plants in the east and west of the house. Whenever I pounded the sky, the sun was written on the shadows, and I took this as my teacher." Two stalagmites were erected under the characters, and the scenery was unique.

One small courtyard and the other white wall, because of the green bamboo, strange stones and lacquer books, it seems to form a picture of the "Eight Eccentrics" leader Jin Nong's thoughts and nature, thus becoming a scene of "green shadow repairing the wall".
Chapter completed!