Where will mankind's medical care go in the future? Zhang Fan had never considered this issue before. At first, Zhang Fan was thinking about how medical care could help him feed and clothe himself, buy a house, and marry a wife.

Later, when all of this was in place, Zhang Fan would occasionally think about it. Then, when the surgical level reached the system's level two requirements, which in reality was already at its peak level, Zhang Fan really started to think about it.

Maybe it's because Zhang Fan is just a layman, not

This is more representative of the mentality of the majority of medical people. Just like every ordinary doctor in every hospital, if you ask where medical care will go in the future, he must be waiting for the mortgage to be paid off! Doctors are also ordinary people, but

It's just that society has given him more moral requirements.

As for the future of medical care, in fact, Zhang Fan’s current answer is that the future of medical care will definitely move toward replacement surgery. Many doctors say that the future will move towards minimally invasive and interventional surgery, but Zhang Fan definitely does not agree with this in his heart.

The surgery is just about miniaturization. Combined with the withering factors in human cells, the future medical treatment is definitely replacement surgery.

From the perspective of the human heart, as the number of interventional surgeries increases, there are also more and more disadvantages. Especially with the brutal promotion of commercialization, the disadvantages are hidden. The 10-year blockage rate has become an important issue that interventional surgeries have to face.

topic. Of course, the benefits are also obvious.

Zhang Fan quickly went through the cardiac surgery in the system. The operating room was ready, and he was waiting for Zhang Fan to open his eyes for the operation.

"Zhang Yuan!" Director Lin glanced at Zhang Fan a little worriedly. He thought Zhang Fan was too tired.

"It's okay!" Zhang Fan shook his head.

The four students, on the other hand, had already begun to murmur in their hearts, "Is closing your eyes before surgery some kind of special trick?"

Extracardiac surgery is quite laborious compared to general orthopedic surgery.

In orthopedic surgery and general surgery, it doesn’t matter if you cut a little more, such as rubbing the swollen appendix! But it’s different in extracardiac surgery. To a certain extent, extracardiac surgery requires more refinement than extracerebral surgery. Extracardiac surgery

Not to mention one more knife, sometimes one more shot might kill someone.

Zhang Fan, Director Lin, and the former deputy director of cardiac surgery, the four of them worked on the operating table for a whole morning. Extracardiac surgery requires not only good technology, but also good equipment, and the materials must not be bad.

"The valve material needs to be replaced!" Zhang Fan said something incomprehensible when the valve was being replaced.

Director Lin was stunned, and the first thing he thought in his mind was: This material is made from sunlight! The equipment representative is a man! Then he thought: Isn’t this advanced?

Valve, what is it? It's actually a window.

The heart is like a four-price suite. The door is the aortic valve, the mitral and tricuspid valves are the windows, and the blood is the air. That's about it.

It would be more troublesome to talk about it in detail. The initial perfusion volume and fluid movement are really troublesome things.

Someone once said that if you want to understand the liver, you need to be good at chemistry and biochemistry, and if you want to understand the heart, you need to be good at physics and electrophysiology.

Replacing windows, let alone the heart, is a troublesome thing even for ordinary people. There are currently three types of valves. One is the mechanical valve, which is often made of titanium because it is the only one that does not affect the autonomic nerves.

It is made of metal, the second one is a pig or cow heart valve, and the third one is an interventional umbrella type.

Zhang Fan used a mechanical valve today. How can I say this thing? It has obvious advantages and disadvantages. It requires lifelong anticoagulant medication. Even if it is taken for a lifetime, thrombosis will easily form near the valve.

After the operation was completed, Zhang Fan said hello and left in a hurry. Director Lin felt that Zhang Fan was very strange today.

As soon as Zhang Fan left the operating room, he started making phone calls, "Ms. Zeng, Zhang Fan, do I have time now? If so, please come to the administration building."

Ms. Zeng was originally in a meeting, and she wanted to have three busy people. But when Zhang Fan called her, she was leisurely drinking afternoon tea.

Zhang Fan immediately called Zhao Yanfang. Old Zhao was very honest and was busy nursing the child. If nothing serious happened, we would talk tomorrow.

In the administration building, Wang Hong stood at the door waiting for the meeting with four of Zhang Fan's students.

After a while, Ms. Zeng arrived first. She was seen to have arrived early, so she changed into a set of clothes specially for this time. Under Mao Ni's coat was a black lace skirt, and her neck was just under the small bow of the boat.

The shoes exposed the insteps of her feet, which were clad in black stockings.

Everyone was here when Zhao Yanfang arrived.

"The current heart valves have their own advantages and disadvantages. I have an idea, can we invent a product that combines all the current clinical advantages with fewer disadvantages?"

As soon as he said this, Lao Zhao began to frown.

"The biggest drawback of all clinical valves currently is that they produce relatively large turbulent stress (which can cause fatal or semi-fatal damage to red blood cells and platelets) and a larger pressure gradient and counterflow volume than normal heart valves. If only

Regarding anticoagulation or increasing the use time, if the cost pressure is not great, I think we can still pay attention to it."

It sounds like Lao Zhao supports Zhang Fan, but if you think about it carefully, he is against it. People say it is a good level, which means that if you can't change the biggest drawback, you should stop doing it. It's a waste of money. If you have this money, you can still do it.

Why not give it to me!

Ms. Zeng was just like a lady attending afternoon tea, sitting there quietly with a smile on her face, without any unnecessary expression.

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She knew that it was best for her to be transparent at this time. If she said something inappropriate, Zhang Fan would not be able to punish her with a hammer.

In human terms, turbulence means that there are whirlpools in the blood in the blood vessels. There are red blood cells in the blood, which carry oxygen. This thing is just like the face of a big-faced cat, it is disc-shaped, and it is also very delicate.

When turbulence occurs, these things will rub and collide with each other, and the large face plate will break. Once broken, it will lose its function of transporting oxygen.

Many diseases can cause turbulence. For example, the heart beats disobediently and turns into a thump. At this time, countless turbulences will appear inside the heart, causing the blood to be unable to leave the heart. The function of a defibrillator is to:

A big slap in the face wakes up the heart and makes it start beating.

In the past, Zhang Fan never thought about developing any equipment. Firstly, he had no time, and secondly, he had no technology.

Things are different now. In order to avoid having the parent company interfere too much in their business, or to avoid letting others gossip, Ms. Zeng and others jointly established a new company. It was registered in China, and the hospital also invested in it.

company, it is equivalent to your own company.

As for Zhang Fan, he needs a new company like this right now. He can come up with ideas, they can come up with technology, and finally join forces to produce products. Otherwise, if he cooperates with these old capitalist companies, he will not know how he will die.

Are there any such companies in China? Yes, but it can be seen from the valve market that China is still not good at this aspect. For example, in Europe and the United States, biological membranes are commonly used in valves, while mechanical membranes are commonly used in China.

For this reason, Zhang Fan could only borrow a chicken to lay eggs.

"Haha, I think so too. If you don't have enough money, don't think about it. Ms. Zeng is an expert in this area."

Zhang Fan said to Lao Zhao with a smile, and then looked at Ms. Zeng. Ms. Zeng had an awkward smile on her face. It was impossible to say no, and it was impossible to say yes. Really, she felt that Zhang Fan was becoming more and more difficult to serve.

Old Zhao curled his lips, and Zhang Fan turned to Wang Hong and said: "Prepare a confidentiality agreement."

Wang Hong is now an all-rounder, from uploading and distributing to classifying matters, and now she even understands some legal matters.

"What on earth do you want to do to cause such a stir?" Lao Wang asked curiously, but Zhang Fan had not yet spoken.

Ms. Zeng spoke first: "Currently, clinically, the mechanical valve products of Medtronic and St. Jude mainly occupy the market. They once occupied more than 80% of the global artificial valve market, but now Abbott and Edwards Life Sciences Biofilm have surpassed Medtronic.

The biggest advantage of biofilms is that they don’t need to take long-term anticoagulant drugs, but bioattenuation is their flaw.”

Zhang Fan nodded. Zhang Fan didn't know who had the larger share in the market.

But what Zhang Fan understood was the length and breadth of these two instruments.

The agreement was signed and it was done in a short time. Wang Hong went out with the hospital's legal affairs.

Zhang Fan started, "I now have an idea to use pure pyrolytic carbon combined with biology to manufacture the next generation of heart valves."

What does biodegradation of a biological valve mean? To put it simply, if you hold your finger in your mouth for a little longer, your finger will turn white and the skin will fall off. That’s what it actually means.

The heart valve needs to be tightly sealed. If there is a slight gap, it is just like a middle-aged man peeing. It is no longer a straight line and starts to branch like a shower head. It is the same reason that if you are not careful, you will pee on your hand.

.

As soon as Zhang Fan said this, Lao Zhao's face wrinkled up like a rag, "I'm not very familiar with this area."

Zhang Fan was happy in his heart, you finally understand something you don't understand, but he didn't show it on his face.

"Today is a ventilation meeting. What I mean is that you first form a team. From materials to mechanics and biology, you need some people, and they must be cutting-edge talents.

After the team is formed, I will come up with the paper."

Ms. Zeng said with a puzzled look: "Pure pyrolytic carbon was popular for a while, but then everyone moved away from the biological field, so this area was shelved."

"Yes, my idea is not simply pure pyrolytic carbon, but the coupling of pyrolytic carbon and biological valves!"
Chapter completed!