If you really want to look at history, the textbooks of junior high schools and high schools are pure shit, and Li Jiannong's books are worth reading. Zhong Yang also appreciates this person, but it is still difficult to win over at present, so he can only wait for the funeral.

Looking at this life, he is truly talented and has great wisdom.

Li Jiannong, also known as Stegosaurus and named Desheng. He was born on June 10, 1880 in Tantou, Xixiang, Shaoyang, Hunan Province. He grew up and set up a college in Shaoyang County to study. In 1904, he studied in Hunan Middle Road Normal School History and Geography. His most powerful resume was at the back.

He joined the Tongmenghui in 1906. Four years later, he went to Waseda University in Japan to study political economy. In 1911, he returned to China to participate in Xin Xuan**. He wrote "The Book of the World of Wuhan", which was the beginning of writing historical works. In July 1912, he went to the UK again, attended the London School of Political Science and Economics and conducted free research.

He did not return to China until the summer of 1916. Since August 1919, he was hired as a professor at Hankou Mingde University. During this period, he drafted the provincial constitution for Hunan warlord Zhao Hengti, and served as provincial president and education director. However, it is said that Li Jiannong and Zhao Hengti had a bad relationship because there were large differences in political views and the contradictions were known to everyone.

Although this person also has a background from Tongmenghui, he actually has nothing to do with Sun Yixian's ** party. There are many people in Tongmenghui who have connections with Sun Yixian, but more people have objections. As for the later history, Sun Yixian was called a great veteran of Tongmenghui, this is very puzzling.

Song Jiaoren and Huang Xing are not related to Sun Yixian, even if they are Sun Yixian, they are subordinates. However, this kind of political beautification project has always been used, and it is not only the party that can only be played by the ** party. There is nothing to be surprised about here.

What attracted the most attention from Zhong Yang and Chen Ze was still the conflict between the merchant group and the Marshal's Mansion. Although on the surface, it is said that both sides have eased recently. However, the matter here is not that simple, which involves Sun Yixian's current political and military demands, as well as the economic interest demands of the merchant group.

From a general perspective, in 1923 and 24, Cao Kun, Wu Peifu, and Sun Wen were all obstacles to peace and the lowest tide of the autonomous movement in the United Provinces. In February 1923, Sun Yat-sen bribed the Yunnan-Guangdong army and returned to Guangdong to reorganize the Grand Marshal's Office; in October, Cao Kun bribed the president and thus unified China by force.

At this point, the arguments of "Southern Expedition" and "Northern Expedition" were noisy again, causing the situation of the Sun Duan-Zhang Triangle Alliance to confront Cao and Wu. In September 1924, the Soviet-Zhejiang War broke out, and the whole country was in a crisis of a great melee. Faced with such a situation, Sun Yixian believed that the opportunity for the Northern Expedition was ripe and advocated full efforts to carry out the great cause of unification of the ** Party.

Heroes have made many achievements, but who cares about the lives and death of the people? The struggles between political organizations are usually solved by force, because the losers have no human rights. It is good to participate in the struggle on the political stage in everything, and the result of failure is as good as death. Because of this situation, all the "heroes" do everything they can, and historical books write books and biography for them.

A person's life, death, success or failure always surpasses the people of the world. This situation has never been clearly distinguished in China.

Sun Yixian ran to Shaoguan to supervise the war. Without evaluating Guangdong and Guangxi, he advocated the implementation of the Northern Expedition strategy. This practice of ignoring the rear and retreat is not the first time. Among them, the one who opposes the most fiercely is not someone else, but Jiang Ruiyuan, the principal of the Whampoa Military Academy.

Everyone in the Army Officer School is his direct armed force, and Guangzhou is the current foundation of the ** Party. It is okay to win the Northern Expedition at this time, but once it fails, the ** Party will lose its lair and completely lose its hard-working foundation in the past few years.

The upper class of the business group, including Chen Lianbo, were ready to welcome Chen Jiongming back, which also made Jiang Ruiyuan and Hu Hanmin very worried. It was very unwise to carry out the Northern Expedition when the internal rule foundation was not solid. Yang Ximin and Liu Zhenhuan were unwilling to leave Guangdong, a rich and fertile land, and march into Hunan.

After this time, the ** Party Central Committee and the ** government were not in agreement on dealing with the business groups. After Sun Yixian went to Shaoguan on September 13 to supervise the Northern Expedition, he took a tolerant attitude towards the Guangzhou business groups. On September 15, Chen Lianbo and Chen Gong were sent to support Marshal Sun and the Guangzhou government. On the 19th, Sun ordered the Governor's Office to cancel the wanted order for two Chens and return their property. Later, Sun ordered Fan Shisheng, Li Fulin and others to pay the funds for the Northern Expedition in the business groups. After the reorganization and filing a case, they could handle the issuance of some "deductions".

In addition, the ** Party was in chaos due to the reorganization of the Northern Expedition, Chen Lianbo mistakenly judged the situation and thought that the ** Party's rule had reached its end. This began to jump up and down again, organize businessmen and civilians to strike, and put pressure on the Grand Marshal's Office.

So before the leader of the merchant group prepared to launch a second provincial strike to solicit the troupe equipment, representatives of merchant groups from all over the country, convened by Chen Gongshou, the head of the Foshan merchant group, held a secret meeting in Foshan, and decided to launch a strike by the provincial capital and merchants of all subordinates to make a "passive resistance". On August 22, Foshan began the strike, and on the 25th, Guangzhou and nearby counties and towns completely stopped.

This strike is different from the previous strikes in individual industries. What it previously brought was only a partial impact. However, the joint strikes of merchants from all over the country were widespread. In terms of economy alone, merchants stopped paying taxes to the government and undoubtedly immediately cut off the government's fiscal revenue.

At that time, the Guangdong government had no financial inventory, and the huge daily expenditure relied on real-time taxation. If the tax was interrupted, it would undoubtedly immediately shake the rule of the Grand Marshal's Office, which was the most worrying thing. Before the strike, Wu Tiecheng, director of the Guangzhou Public Security Bureau, had declared that he was not afraid of starting a war with the merchant group, but only afraid of merchants' strike. Because once the strike occurred, tax revenue would be cut off, finance would stagnate, and the morale of the army would be shaken, and Chen Jiongming's army in Dongjiang would take the opportunity to counterattack.

After the general strike, the Yunnan army, which intercepted most of the tax revenue in Guangzhou and Foshan, became extremely nervous. His generals opposed Sun Yat-sen's claim to force merchants to open the market by force, saying that "the source of Yunnan military pay is in the provincial capital. If the shopping malls in the middle of the province are trampled by the army, it will be like cutting off their pay.

The day after the market strike, the Yunnan general Fan Shisheng and Liao Xingchao immediately entered the mediation. On the 29th, under the auspices of Fan and Liao, they signed an agreement with the merchant group containing Chen Lianbo's repentance and swearing allegiance to the government. The authorities sent back the firearms within 7 days, and the merchant group paid 500,000 yuan to the government. After the business group was reorganized, the military returned to defense after the store resumed business, and the merchant group jointly reorganized the business group. On the same day, Sun basically expressed his approval of the mediation agreement. After the agreement was signed, the merchants resumed the market one after another.

A few days later, the Jiangsu-Zhejiang War broke out, and Lu Yongxiang opened the prelude to the Anti-Zhi War. Sun believed that this was an excellent opportunity for him to practice the Anti-Zhi Triangle Alliance, implement the "Central **" in Beijing, and overthrow the Beiyang warlords, so he decided to go to the Northern Expedition immediately. On September 4, Sun Yat-sen convened a meeting to make a decision, and the Hunan, Jiangxi and Henan troops all participated in the Northern Expedition, and the Yunnan, Guangxi and Guangdong troops were selected to accompany them.

However, for such a large-scale military operation, the Grand Marshal's Office did not have strong financial support, and it was even more arguing that the government itself was in extreme financial difficulties. The Yunnan and Gui army, who occupied a wealthy land and intercepted the source of wealth, had no intention of leaving the place where they relied on to make money to go to the front line. Despite the difficulties, Sun Yat-sen still insisted on going to the Northern Expedition. On the 20th, Sun presided over the Northern Expedition ceremony in Guangzhou and set up a left-behind patrol. Hu Hanmin was appointed as the left-behind Marshal.

According to the six agreements signed on August 29, the government should return the seized firearms within 7 days. After the deadline, the promise was not fulfilled. As a result, the merchant group began to clamor for a strike. In fact, the failure of the merchant group's firearms to return the firearms as usual was related to the Northern Expedition, which was in full swing and was short of wages and equipment at the time.

On September 12, Hu Hanmin said in a letter to Fan Shisheng, "The government's Northern Expedition is the best that our Guangdong people should do, how can the merchants try to raise 200 million yuan for the government, ", "Let our Northern Expedition military expenditure be sufficient, and the division is not stagnant." Six days later, at the Northern Expedition Military Conference held by the Grand Marshal's Office, the commander-in-chief of each army proposed that in order to raise funds for the Northern Expedition, the government required the government to raise 3 million yuan of funds for the Northern Expedition in the six conditions for the return of the military regiments to add the content of the 6 conditions for the return of the military regiments to raise 3 million yuan of the Northern Expedition funds.

In fact, generals such as Yunnan and Guizhou, who were unwilling to go to the front line of the Northern Expedition, now have an excuse to lack wages and equipment, and have "sufficient" reasons to refuse to execute the order.

For more than 10 days after that, the merchant group still fought with the government for an additional claim in the machine return agreement until the conflict between the two sides intensified again. On October 4, the Guangdong merchant group contacted Guangzhou and more than 100 counties and towns for a meeting in Foshan on the grounds that the firearms had not been retrieved, and decided to launch a second strike and go to Guangzhou again to protest to the government.

On the 9th, Sun Ling returned some of the firearms to the merchant group, but the merchant group launched a strike on the same day on the grounds that the return of the firearms they had not been returned and insisted on sending them all back. The merchant group accused the government of having already distributed the firearms they purchased to the army. Although it was only a unilateral accusation of the merchant group, it was not surprising that the weapons with more advanced performance purchased by the merchant group from abroad were transferred to the Northern Expedition when the Northern Expedition was urgent and the salary and equipment were short of all. After Sun went to Shaoguan, he also mentioned in his letter to Jiang Ruiyuan that he wanted him to try to transport the bullets detained the warhors to Shaoguan.

Sun still ordered the secretariat of the base camp to send a letter to the merchant group, explaining the government's methods and sincerity to return the regiment equipment. On October 9, Hu Hanmin, Li Fulin and others were ordered to return the regiment equipment according to the method proposed by Li. That night, Li Fulin was ordered to transport more than 4,000 guns and more than 120,000 bullets to the Whampoa Military Academy. At noon the next day, he returned the representatives of the merchant group to collect them at Xihaokou, Guangzhou.

Sun Yixian was arguing with people inside and outside the party over the Northern Expedition, so how could he have time to pay attention to the little shrimp like Chen Lianbo? All the guns and ammunition were returned, so the people who saved them from making trouble. But history made a joke here, which turned into a completely different situation.

On Double Tenth Festival, this major holiday specially set up to celebrate the 1911th Festival, a group of fanatical disciples under the command of the Red Gate had a conflict with the merchant group that came to get back their weapons and equipment. The most interesting thing about this incident was that there were no clear specific examples, just Sun Yixian's decision.

This kind of civil conflict is not something that anyone is deliberately trying to do, and it is similar to ordinary crowd fighting. It is a bit too much to say that it is a massacre. Moreover, the shadow of the red door is very deep. Such a coincidence of a group of "anti-capitalist activists" passed by, and they fought with the armed forces of the merchant group holding guns in disagreement.

This is indeed very puzzling, and the news that Zhong Yang received from the underground palace seemed to be Ma Ziren. He instigated the public to carry out terrorist violence, with the fundamental goal of intensifying the conflict between the Party and the business group.

In fact, in two months after the "arms detaining incident", Sun had not made up his mind to resolve the incident by force, and even planned to use the Northern Expedition to leave Guangdong, a place of right and wrong that is "never alive and immortal". It prompted him to finally resolve the business group by force, which had a lot to do with the financial aid from the Soviet government.

As early as early as early 1923, when Sun and the Soviet government signed the "Sun Wen Yuefei Declaration", the other party had promised to provide financial support to Sun Yat-sen's **. However, it was not until more than a year later, on October 7, 1924, when the Guangdong merchant group was launching a second strike, that the first ship of weapons and ammunition loaded by Soviet warships arrived in Huangpu, Guangzhou. These weapons were helping Sun Yuru in time, which not only brought him a surprise, but also inspired his fighting spirit.

Before this, Sun did not obey everything about the Soviet government representatives. Borotin, the political adviser of the Soviet government in Guangzhou at that time, did not agree with Sun Yat-sen's decision to abandon Guangdong and rush to the north, and strongly advocated suppressing the merchant group and consolidating the Guangdong ** base.

Sun's general military adviser and Soviet general Gallon also firmly opposed this "despite" military adventure, insisting that the Northern Expedition could only be successful unless there is a consolidated rear, that is, Guangdong and neighboring provinces, which is conducive to the Northern Expedition. However, at that time, Sun Yixian did not accept their opinions and insisted on going to the Northern Expedition.

The situation is different now. After the first batch of weapons aid in the Soviet Union arrived, it will come one after another. Sun must pay attention to the opinions of Borotin, Gallon and others. On October 9, Sun proposed in a letter to Jiang Ruiyuan that in order to deal with the situation after the merchants' strike, the "** committee" would be established. This new term was obviously introduced by the Soviet Union. Sun had a certain determination to suppress the merchant group, so Borotin formulated a detailed plan for him to suppress the merchant group.

On October 12, the "** Committee" chaired by Sun Zi was established, with Bo Luoding as an advisor and leading the resolution of the business group. On the 13th, Guangzhou announced martial law. On the 14th, Governor Hu Hanmin ordered the dissolution of the business group. Bo Luoding, Jiang Ruiyuan, Liao Zhongkai, Tan Pingshan and others commanded the Huangpu student army, the guard army, the labor army, the peasant army, etc. to dispatch at the same time to suppress the business group, capture the backbone elements, and confiscate the firearms of the business group.

By the 20th, merchant groups in Guangzhou, Foshan, Dongguan, Shunde, Jiangmen, Qingyuan and other places were successively dismissed and dismissed. The "Business Group Incident" caused by the "arms deduction incident" finally ended with force. In the process of suppressing the merchant group, illegal soldiers, gangsters and bandits took the opportunity to burn, kill, loot in the Xiguan area, the most prosperous commercial area in Guangzhou, and the result was tragic.

During the whole incident, Zhou Hua also submitted a sorted report to Zhong Yang, describing the cause and result of the incident in detail.

On October 9, the new acting mayor of Guangzhou Li Fulin obtained the consent of the business group. With Sun's approval, the business group paid back the deduction of the machinery. The business group paid 200,000 yuan and allowed the government to draw a special donation, which was equivalent to the one-month house rent in Guangzhou. Sun then called Jiang Ruiyuan to hand over the deduction of the machinery to Li Fulin in the afternoon of the same day.

But at the same time, Jiang led all the student troops to leave Huangpu, transported the equipment to Shaoguan, and participated in the Northern Expedition. The next day, Sun sent Jiang to Jiang again and made the same request. Jiang Fudian disagreed with giving up Guangzhou, advocated defending Huangpu to the death, and advised Sun to return to Guangzhou to quell the rebellion.

On the afternoon of the 10th, the Shanggui sent a team to collect the equipment. When the remaining four boxes were shipped, there were 1,500 to 2,000 workers in the Workers' League, who tried to cross the defense line and defeat the Shanggui. Afterwards, both sides were provocative. According to the Workers' League, the Workers' League was organized by Liao Zhongkai to fight against the Shanggui. Liao Zhongkai's honest fool was obviously used by pro-Russian elements such as Ma Ziren from the Hongmen.

After the merchant group collected the equipment, they found that not only were there less than the original number, but there were only 4,000 guns, but the original number was 9,000; there were more than 200,000 bullets, but more than 2 million bullets, and all were old machines, not new machines transported from Harvard.

Therefore, he was very angry and launched a market strike.

On the 11th, Sun followed the Soviet Union's approach and organized the "** Committee" and served as the chairman. He specially sent six members including Xu Chongzhi, Liao Zhongkai, Wang Zhaoming, Jiang Ruiyuan, Tan Pingshan as members to stop the Merchant Incident. On the 12th, all the guards of Wu Tiecheng returned to the province. On the 13th, 5,000 troops were also transferred back to Guangzhou from the Dongjiang Front.

On the 14th, Sun appointed Hu Hanmin as the acting chairman of the ** committee, Liao Zhongkai as the secretary, and Jiang Ruiyuan as the chairman of the military committee, and jointly planned the suppression of the merchant group with the Soviet government representative Borotin. According to the report made by Bao himself in the United States in the future, at the Japanese meeting, it was decided to siege Xiguan with all his might and destroy the merchant group in one go.

All small teams such as the Workers' Army and the A Convoy were under the command of Jiang Ruiyuan. Wang Jingwei was also appointed as the political minister, and Ji Shaoshan, Liao Zhongkai, Tan Pingshan and others were appointed as the deputy, to plan the actions of the ** Committee and the various armies.

In terms of the business group, Chen Lianbo and other leaders mistakenly took Fan Shisheng, Liao Xingchao and others from the Yunnan Army and Li Fulin from the Fu Army to express sympathy for their actions, and rely on the support of the militia groups in various counties and townships, as well as the sympathy of foreign consular groups. They naively thought that Sun would not take extreme measures, so they concentrated in Xiguan, defended themselves with martial law and refused to reopen the market.

But on the afternoon of the 14th, Xu Jun, Fu Jun and the Guards began to attack the merchant regiments in Huilan Bridge, Ximen and Taipingmen. After four or five hours of stalemate, Wu Tiecheng then fired artillery and bombarded Xiguan.

On the morning of the fifteenth, the merchant regiment retreated to the inner siege of Xiguan, protected the street gates and shot with the government forces. At around 11 o'clock, the government forces instigated the barber workers to set fire to the city with 300 boxes of kerosene. The houses in Xiguan were closely connected, and the materials were mostly made of wood. The fire spread and could not be controlled. At about 2 o'clock in the afternoon, the merchant regiment stopped its resistance. By the evening, most of the Xiguan was already in the flames.

According to the report submitted by the underground palace, the government forces occupied the roof and shot at those who fled out of the street, regardless of the merchant group refugees. A large group of refugees fled to Taiping Road and were forced to retreat to the fire area by the government forces, and were burned to death.
Chapter completed!