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Chapter 199: The cornerstone of agriculture

The most remarkable achievements now are the rural credit cooperatives, a private business organization that provides economic and technical support based on the private credit standards of the agricultural population, is gradually entering the eyes of everyone.

The three districts coalition government has cancelled the agricultural tax under its rule, which has been welcomed by all landlords and farmers. After all, in the past, even landlord families had to pay agricultural taxes to the government. Even if they could evade taxes, they still had to use money to handle the money. Now that this expenditure is exempted, how can they not be happy?

In the vast rural areas, minor officials were sent to collect agricultural taxes. The bad policies and harsh donations caused by this behavior have not been eliminated in all dynasties. Many officials were involved and kept banning them. Basically, the government could only get one tenth, but it was full of infamousness.

In the agricultural society, there is no way to do anything, but now Zhong Yang has already completed preliminary industrialization in the three major regions. The profits and wealth brought by industry and commerce are far exceeding the total output value of agriculture, so he has the basis for exempting agricultural taxes. Moreover, the prices of seeds, fertilizers, and agricultural machinery are also maintained at a reasonable level. He will not learn from a certain dynasty, and will not collect taxes, but will make a big fuss about "fees".

Today's agricultural machinery stations are basically private, and they have also started franchise cooperation with rural credit cooperatives. If they are checked and sold fake seeds or inflated prices of production materials, they will not only be disqualified from the franchise by the rural credit cooperatives, but also cause trouble by the industrial and commercial administration department.

Even if you sell fake seeds, you will face huge fines and imprisonment for less than one year.

In fact, the original agricultural cooperative model was originally a good mutual aid organization for agricultural economic development, but unfortunately it was destroyed by the brain-dead organization through administrative orders. Only Hongmen can do such things when managing economic organizations using administrative means.

Here, although the rural credit cooperative is an economic organization recognized by the government, it is essentially a private company and does not have the attributes of an administrative functional department. This is mainly to avoid suppressing the agricultural population due to its official identity. The economy itself should be induced by profit, so how can it be coerced with power?

The rural credit cooperatives are supported by them because they can bring benefits to farmers and landlords. They are a free and relaxed organization. They come when they want to come, and leave when they want to go, and there is no political force in them. Although the rural credit cooperatives currently have the function of training militias, those are not the powers of the rural credit cooperatives themselves.

In essence, it is more like an intermediary company that helps the militia brigade recruit team members from the peasant class. It is not a militarized organization itself. The force involved in cooperation with it is mostly derived from the Xuantie Security Company. The two are not merged, but a model of signing and cooperation.

Zhong Yang had told Chen Ze before that the rural credit cooperative is positioned as a commercial organization, and this cannot be changed at all. It avoids the rural credit cooperative becoming another red door model. However, basic military guarantees are also necessary, and this depends on the Xuantie Security Company to be responsible. Economics and military must be strictly separated in grassroots organizations.

In the three major regions of Nansha, Shunde and Panyu, agricultural development is now on the right track. The research and production of fertilizers are all under the responsibility of Qingzhu Chemical; the promotion and sales of fertilizers are carried out by the rural credit cooperatives. In the specific agricultural planting model, it is not only to solve the demand for fertilizers by industrial means.

Various production technologies for soil-made fertilizers have also been publicly promoted by rural credit agencies and have even begun to spread to Dongguan and Foshan. Chemical fertilizers processed in industrial methods have severe damage to the fertility of the land, which must be paid attention to. On the contrary, soil-made fertilizers do not have much concern in this regard, after all, they are natural organic products.

Homemade soil fertilizer has a wide range of raw materials, simple methods, economical and practical, and its fertilizer effect is no less than that of fertilizers. In this regard, the Fifth Institute has produced many achievements. Among the several high-efficiency soil fertilizer homemade methods introduced by the rural credit cooperative, the following are selected by most agricultural workers.

Earth ammonia water: 50 kg of fresh cow dung, 50 grams of soybean powder, 5 kg of cooked gypsum powder, seal it below 25c for 3 days, apply 3 times of water, and the fertilizer efficiency is higher than ammonia water.

Ammonium sulfate in soil: 50 kg of human urine, 5 kg of gypsum, 25 kg of water, mix well, and apply after 10 days of sealing. The fertilizer effect is equivalent to ammonium sulfate.

Soil compound fertilizer: First crush the calcium superphosphate and sieves it, then stir evenly with 100 kg of superphosphate for 120-150 kg of urine, pile it into a cone shape, and cover it tightly with 3 cm of dilute mud, and then stack it for 7 days. The fertilizer effect is ideal. Be careful not to pile it at a low place to prevent water immersion; this kind of soil compound fertilizer can be used as base fertilizer, top dressing, and seeds. As base fertilizer, you can divide it into stable fertilizer and mixed soil and mixed fertilizers; do not contact the seeds when used as seeds to prevent germination; when used as top dressing, you can apply it in grooves or troughs, centimeters away from the root of the crop to prevent seedlings from burning, and cover the soil after application.

Potassium dihydrogen nitrate: Superphosphate and hot water are stirred and allowed to stand for 48 hours at a ratio of 2:5, filter and set aside; wood ash and hot water are stirred and allowed to stand for about 10 minutes at a ratio of 6:15, and then filter the two filtered solutions to form a crude liquid containing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which has the same effect as potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

Earth nitrogen and ammonia phosphorus compound fertilizer: Using animal bones to process bone meal is an important slow-acting agricultural fertilizer. It is generally used as base fertilizer, and can be divided into raw bone meal and cooked bone meal. Raw bone meal is a powder that is simply steamed and cooked and pulverized after removing some fat. It contains 2-6 nitrogen and 15-28 phosphorus pentoxide, which is a high-efficiency nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizer; steamed bone meal (also known as defatted bone meal) is a bone after solvent extraction, and then pulverized and pulverized after high temperature. It contains 1.5-5 nitrogen and 16-25 phosphorus pentoxide, and its fertilizer effect is also high.

The above soil fertilizers can already meet the most basic needs of crop growth. In addition, the new high-yield seeds cultivated by the Sixth Institute through hybridization, the entire region has long been able to produce agricultural plant outputs needed to supply three million people, which has not yet calculated the output of Shanghai products and animal husbandry.

A large number of farmers joined the rural credit cooperatives and no longer worried about their livelihoods as before, and the economic situation was gradually improving. In addition to preventing vicious land annexation, the government did not crack down on the landlord class, and even gave policy preferences.

In the early days, due to the extensive non-cooperation attitude of the landlord class, an economic blow was indeed necessary. But now, the landlords who were not convinced have disappeared. Zhong Yang and Chen Ze no longer suppressed them, but chose to start to appease them. On the road of agricultural development, landlords have more prospects than farmers, so there is no need to say more.

A landlord who follows the old? If there are real interests, who will follow the old? At present, the status of tenants has begun to undergo major changes. The landlords are no longer able to take over this professional class as before.

In terms of the agricultural economic model, the three major regions mainly include small farmers, farm model, company + farmer model, professional business model, and cooperative model. Tenants have more choices than before. In order to hire workers, landlords must also give reasonable benefits. Otherwise, having land but not a person would be in vain.

The small peasant model is the family business model, small business business, and the bosses are all family members. Here, small peasant families mainly operate small varieties of products, and their geographical distribution is mostly in residential areas close to the towns and districts. Most of them are mainly vegetables and fruits. These people used to be rich peasants with land, and they could not exploit tenants, and could only rely on their own labor to obtain their living needs.

At the beginning, the rural credit cooperative was the first to cooperate with this group of people, and now, these families have basically met relatively wealthy living standards.

Farms require more capital, have a relatively large scale of business, and use more than a few hundred acres of land to produce agricultural products. This is basically the agricultural development model of landlords, because only they have a large amount of land, and they also have the experience and financial resources to hire tenants to manage land. They are also more concerned about technological innovation, which can be regarded as the mainstream cornerstone of local agriculture.

In contrast, the cooperative business model of the company + farmers. The characteristic of this type of company is that it has sales channels. There are three types of companies: one is a pure sales company, at most it can be packed; one is processing and sales, and agricultural products are processed and then sold; the other is that it has its own agricultural production base, but the output cannot meet the needs of processing and sales. This type of company has signed purchase and sales contracts with farmers, solving sales problems for farmers.

The developed land is basically owned, and the method Zhong Yang took is to win over a group of people and attack them. Among the landlord class, it is not a monolithic piece, and there are always some enlightened landlords willing to cooperate. Tianyu Group itself has subsidiaries specializing in agricultural product processing, and the stable orders just meet the interests of these people.

The large amount of food purchased from the United States also defeated the confidence of the landlords, indicating that the Tianyu Group did not necessarily need to purchase their things. After this series of actions, it was compromise and negotiation, coupled with the strength of force and the increasing stability of internal affairs, almost all the landlords chose to join the steps of agricultural reform.

People who are not cooperative do not have the policy preferential treatment of exempting agricultural taxes, and the re-measurement of land also makes them feel great pressure. I am afraid that even the parties involved will not be able to explain clearly how many illegal land is there. If it weren't for the stability of the system, Zhong Yang would have long suggested that the market price be used to force redemption for land and land of unknown origin.

Although this is almost inevitable in the future, it is not suitable now, at least not before the unification of Guangdong and Guangxi.

As for the professional business model, it is the specialization of agricultural production. The farming is mainly responsible for planting plans, enjoying business results and taking business risks. Cultivation, harvesting, and treatment are completed by specialized services. For example, the farming and harvesting of large grain growers are all invited to the agricultural machinery professional team within the rural credit cooperative, which is the prototype of professional business.

Agricultural cooperatives are farmers' collective production organizations established on the basis of farmers' voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary voluntary

It is precisely because of such achievements in agriculture that the Southern Army has the confidence to participate in domestic hegemony, and the newly born bourgeois regime naturally desires more population, a broader market, and a further social status because of greed. ** What the Party has done has accumulated anger in the system to the brink of an upcoming outbreak.

The original military operation was shelved due to the sway of the Yunnan-Guangxi coalition and the economic development problems within the system. But now it is different. A large number of companies and enterprises have grown up, but foreign market development can only be secretly developed, and the population under the rule is only less than two million, which cannot meet the market outlook of these giants.

The sentiment of unifying Guangdong and Guangxi is spreading in the business world, and the army and the people have also developed a lot of resentment due to previous sufferings. The coalition government can suppress it for a while, but it has to take into account the people's hearts and wishes and expel the ** Party's voices are getting louder and louder.

At such a juncture, Zhong Yang could only rush back from Liuzhou. The inspection in Guizhou has all ended. Next, a more formal official inspection team went there to make a statement on the spot. As long as it proves that there are huge economic interests there, there is no fear that these capitalists will not be crazy. Even Chen Ze himself has an unstoppable ambition for both economic and political interests.

This kind of emotion is exactly what Zhong Yang has been inciting. If ancient Chinese language needs to grow better, it must cultivate a large number of such economic entities below. Not only domestic, Southeast Asian, North America, Australia, these are the places where ancient Chinese language plans to intervene.

In order to hide his figure, Zhong Yang even let Tianyu Group and Xinghua News Agency go out and become an economic and military organization with its own complete organization. At present, Chen Ze and Liu Haoran are still in the cooperation stage, but ideological collisions have been continuously carried out.

Not to mention, such a huge two economic entities will definitely collide in such a large number of business areas. Zhong Yang is already considering asking Xinghua News Agency to develop in Southeast Asia to avoid irreconcilable conflicts with Tianyu Group at home.

It is basically difficult to unify China within eight years, and Zhong Yang and Gu Wenhui do not need land without industrial foundation. A large number of agricultural populations and corresponding social forms are not only helpless, but are simply a huge burden.

And the South cannot accommodate two large economic entities, Tianyu Group and Xinghua. Instead of letting Xinghua leave after taking root, it is better to prepare for the development of Southeast Asia now.

Unifying northern China means that ancient Chinese will directly face Japan and the Soviet Union, two major red-shaped powers. With its current strength, it is not enough, so after unifying the south, it will still take several years to prepare.

At this time, the layout of the Nanyang region was just beginning, and the strength of Britain, France and other countries declined, which was a good opportunity for Liu Haoran. At that time, there would be a navy's shipbuilding plan, a large-scale production plan for destroyers and missile cruisers, and even the development of aircraft carriers was unknown.

It is now late September 1924, and the situation in Guangxi is not stable. The old general Lu Rongting, who is trying to make a comeback, and fierce conflicts broke out with new Gui generals such as Huang Shaohong and Bai Chongxi, who are supported by the Grand Marshal's Office. The Guilin area is about to become a battlefield. How can Sun Yixian tolerate Wu Peifu and Lu Rongting go back and forth after so many days?

Fortunately, Mo Rongxin's new Guangxi regime controlled the areas of Nanning and Chongzuo and built an airport. Otherwise, Zhong Yang would have to worry about traveling. Li Zongren's troops also withdrew from Beiliu and occupied Liuzhou, and remained neutral in the situation. Lu Rongting and Bai Chongxi were also happy to be idle and did not mess with the tiger of the Xin Guangxi regime.

Nanning Wuxu Airport is located in Wuxu Town, 32 kilometers southwest of Nanning City, Guangxi Province, covering an area of ​​nearly 100 hectares. In early 1923, shortly after the Vietnamese army entered Guangxi, it was funded by Tianyu Group. It was put into use in August and was used by the military and civilians. Zhong Yang's private plane was parked in a special hangar, and the pilot was Zujie.

Airport, also known as airports and airports, are more formally named air stations. As a flight ground dedicated to aircraft takeoff and landing activities, Wuxu's scale is not large today. The number of aircraft and personnel that can be accommodated by other services such as airport control services and air traffic control is still difficult to compare with the internationalized large airports in later generations.

But at the stage when the aircraft is still in its infancy, a large comprehensive aviation station covering an area of ​​100 hectares is already a great thing. Basically, this airport is operating at a loss. Although the original design was for both military and civilian use, it is actually almost only for military use.

Walking in the open waiting hall, there are basically no passengers who buy air tickets, and only a few young people dare to try it. Seeing such a bleak business situation, Zhong Yang could only shake his head and smile bitterly. New things may not necessarily be new profit points. At least the plane has a long way to go if it wants to make profits in both business and civilian use.

The two main battalions stationed here are the first batch of graduates of Nansha Military Academy. They have long received notification from the headquarters, so naturally there are specialists responsible for receiving Zhong Yang. Although they are not sure about the identity of Zhong Yang and Gu Yuejun, the people who come here dare not neglect them.

No matter that era, those who can afford private jets are not poor.

The small piston-type single-wing propeller aircraft with pure white fuselage is Zhong Yang's car. A few people did not delay and asked Zujie to drive the plane to the apron to do a takeoff work. Before this, there were already special technicians responsible for maintenance and maintenance.

In addition to being able to drive a car, Zu Jie also took the pilot's license as an aircraft pilot. As Zhong Yang's casual guard, his job is not just as simple as a butler...

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