Beiyang 1917639_Beiyang 1917 full text free reading_Chapter 639 (Part 1) The past smoke and clouds come from (.)

After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, Tanaka Yoichiro served as the staff officer of the First Division in 1895 and formulated a mobilization system for the First Division. The content was very detailed and the completion was very high. Almost the original plan was adopted, and other divisions borrowed it for use. For this reason, he was recognized and entered the second part of the General Staff Headquarters to conduct intelligence. Tanaka learned Russian and very good. After reporting to the second part,

The second ministry sent him to Russia to study. Tanaka worked very hard in Russia, and he took his Russians he knew to church every week. He also joined the Tsarist Russian army and obtained first-hand information by himself. On the eve of the Russo-Japanese War, he became the best Russian communication in the army.

At that time, Hirofumi Ito visited Russia and wanted to negotiate with Tsarist Russia to resolve the problem. Tanaka relied on his youth and vigorously opposed negotiations with Tsarist Russia in front of Ito, which made Ito very angry. However, Ito was angry with the air pipe and still admired Tanaka's talents. He recommended him to go to the Manchu army to be a staff officer during the Russo-Japanese War.

It is said that he met Zhang Zuolin with a beard there, so one of the reasons why the Japanese Army finally decided that Yoichi Tanaka was the commander of the First Army was that he had a close relationship with Zhang Zuolin, the chief of staff of the Chinese Presidential Office, which helped to help the Japanese army improve their status and weight in the Allied Alliance.

When Tanaka Yoichi Tanaka returned to the General Staff Headquarters after the Russo-Japanese War, it was already impressive. In addition, Tanaka was from Changshu, "whether he is close or not, he is from his hometown", so he was promoted to the first level of the General Staff Headquarters in charge of operations. In the Japanese Army General Staff Headquarters, one is the Operations Headquarters and the other is the Intelligence Headquarters.

After Tanaka Yoshihide went one by one, he tinkered with it and made a commentary book called "Sutra Miscellaneous Records", which consisted of the national strategy, military strategy, and the organization and system of the army were handed over to Marshal Aritomo Yama Prefecture through General Kotaro. When Yama Prefecture saw it, it was OK. After reporting to Emperor Meiji, he came back and said to Tanaka: "You can just create an imperial defense policy and take a look."

Tanaka, who was appreciated by the father of the Japanese Army, took Colonel Biao of the Navy's Caimen to formulate a plan, stipulating that the army would need 25 divisions in normal times and 50 divisions in wartime, and the Navy would build the 88th Fleet. Then Tanaka was smooth sailing. In 1909, Tanaka was promoted to the commander of the military section, the commander of the Second Brigade, and the commander of the Provincial Military Affairs Bureau of the Army.

During this period, this guy presided over the revision and formulation of the "Interior Affairs License", "Infantry Code", "Bailout Army Training Code", "Army Education Order", and "Army Supplementary Order". His actions during his tenure proved his strength. In November 1910, the Imperial Army Military Association, which he had always advocated, was established.

The association organized reserve soldiers who had finished active service, which could not only reduce the national military maintenance fee, but also widely spread the national will to the people (the reserves were later included). At the beginning of its establishment, the association only targeted the army, and began to join the navy since 1914, so that the organization would finally improve.

In addition, he made Okuma Shigenobu, who strongly criticized the expansion of warlord forces to the political circles, serve as the president of the Imperial** fan club. For this reason, Okuma not only stopped criticizing the military headquarters, but also became a supporter of the military headquarters, and began to be close to Prime Minister Kaitaro and Masato Desouchi.

After that, Tanaka, who served as the Director of Military Affairs, and Yusaku Uehara, proposed to add two divisions to defend the newly opened territories such as North Korea and Manchuria during the second Nishiyuanji Gongwang Cabinet. Because the government pursued a fiscal austerity policy at that time, it did not agree to their request. The Army refused to propose a candidate for the subsequent Prime Minister, and the cabinet had to resign. This incident became the fuse of the first constitutional protection movement.

At the end of 1913, Tanaka Yoichi went to Europe and the United States for inspection. After returning to China, he founded the Youth League organization, attempting to use the official organization to correspond to the chaotic situation of the government and the opposition in the country after the beginning of the European War. Since this organization is an organization for people who graduated from elementary school and were recruited from the army, it plays the role of spreading the national will to the people like the soldiers in the village.

In August 1915, as the mastermind behind the scenes, Major General Tanaka Yoshiichi planned to propose the infamous twenty-one articles to Yuan Shikai. Of course, this matter ended in failure. Yuan Shikai did not dare to agree to the fifth of the twenty-one articles. Of course, the great powers did not allow Japan to dominate China. Therefore, later the Yuan Shikai government and the Japanese government formed a civil fourth treaty.

It turns out that these twenty-one articles are divided into No. 5: No. 1 requires inheriting all German rights in Shandong and expanding them; No. 2 requires expanding various rights in South Manchuria and East Mongolia; No. 3 attempts to control Hanyeping Company; No. 4 requires that China's coastal harbor islands will not be leased or transferred to other countries; No. 5 requires that the Chinese central government hire powerful Japanese as consultants, etc.

At that time, Japanese Minister Hirai asked Yuan Shikai to accept these conditions and keep them absolutely confidential. Yuan Shikai decided to negotiate with Japan and settle the case at the minimum cost. Starting from February 2, 1915, Foreign Minister Lu Zhengxiang, Deputy Minister Cao Rulin and others began secret negotiations with Hirai, Japanese Embassy Counselor Kohama Youyoshi and others.

Later, China intentionally gradually leaked the content of the negotiations. During the negotiations, the Chinese representatives resisted Japan's demands. Japan continued to use diplomatic blackmail, intimidation and other threats. On April 26, the Japanese representatives proposed the "Last Amendment" and made some small concessions. At that time, domestic calls for opposing the "Twenty-One" were rising, and the people were indignant.

On May 1, China proposed an amendment, but still insisted on its own position. The Japanese government deleted the fifth request and issued an ultimatum to the Chinese government on May 7, with a reply before 6:00 p.m. on the 9th. Yuan Shikai's government finally compromised and accepted the conditions proposed by Japan. On the 25th, it officially signed the "Vietnam Treaty" with Japan.

The Fourth People's Treaty consists of the Treaty on Southern Manchuria and Eastern Inner Mongolia, the Treaty on Shandong and the thirteen additional submissions. The contents of these treaties and submissions are mainly: 1. In Shandong, Japan was not only able to inherit all rights of Germany, but also obtained the promise of the Chinese government that the mainland of Shandong or its coastal islands will not be leased to foreign countries.

2. In South Manchuria, Japan was extended to the leased land and railway period, and its subjects were allowed to live, trade and operate agriculture, industry, commerce, and rent land. 3. In East Mongolia, Japan was given the right to jointly run agriculture, affiliated industries with the Chinese. 4. Hanyeping Company could agree to jointly run with Japanese capitalists. China would not confiscate the company, nationalize it or borrow foreign capital from other countries. 5. In Fujian, the Chinese government agreed not to allow foreign countries to set up shipbuilding stations, military coal storage stations and naval bases along the coast, nor do they borrow foreign capital to run it themselves.

The signing of the Fourth People's Treaty has consolidated and expanded the Japanese aggression in Manchuria and Mongolia, Shandong, and also increased in Central and South China. This is also one of the merits of Major General Tanaka Yoshiichi Tanaka, who was promoted to Lieutenant General in October 1915, who was behind the scenes.

Beiyang 1917639_Beiyang 1917 full text free reading_Chapter 639 (Part 1) The past smoke and clouds have been updated!
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