We were notified in advance that we would appear in court to testify on Thursday. However, on Thursday, we were no longer required to appear in court to testify. Because a higher-level "judge" had already decided the case, Jefferson.

Hope had been summoned to another "court" to have the most fair trial of his life. It turned out that on the night of his arrest, his aneurysm burst. The next morning

Early on, the police discovered that he was lying on the floor of the prison to see God. There was a calm smile on his face. It seemed that when he was dying, he looked back on the passing years and had not wasted his career of revenge.

It has been a complete success.

The next evening, when we were discussing the case, Holmes said: "Leiswold and Gregson would be very angry if they knew that this man died in this way. Because then their bragging rights would be ruined."

That’s less.”

I said, "I really can't tell how much valuable work these two detectives have done in catching the murderer."

Holmes said leisurely: "It doesn't matter what you have done in this world. What matters is how you make people believe that you have done something." He paused and said easily, "

It doesn't matter. In any case, I will not let this special case go. In the warehouse of my memory, there is no case more exciting than this case. Although the case is simple, there are several points worth learning from.

of."

"Easy?" I couldn't help shouting.

"Yes, it is indeed simple. Apart from that, it is difficult for me to use other words to describe the first feature of this case." My partner looked at the surprised expression on my face and said with a smile, "Think about it, no

Anyone can help me, but I managed to catch the murderer within three days through some ordinary deductions, which proves that the case is essentially simple."

I nodded and said, "That's true."

"I have emphasized to you that all extraordinary events and things are not obstacles to handling the case, but are important clues for reasoning. When solving similar problems, the key is to be able to use reasoning methods, layer by layer.

Backtracking, peeling off the cocoon. This technique is very useful and not difficult, but case investigators do not often use it in practice. In daily life, the method of reasoning about the future seems more practical, so it is often easier for case investigators

Ignore the layer of looking back to the past. If there are 50 people who can make comprehensive inferences from all aspects of events and things, then there is only one person among them who can use analytical methods to infer the past." Holmes said.

"To be honest, I still don't understand what you mean." I said.

"It's hard for me to expect that you can really understand. Let me try to see if I can explain this problem more clearly and simply. Many people are like this: suppose you tell them a series of real situations,

They can judge the possible results, they can connect this series of real situations in their minds, and then they can come up with a result through thinking. However, only a very small number of people, assuming you tell the result

He, he can infer through his inner consciousness the specific steps or details that led to this result. This is what I mean when I talk about 'backward reasoning' or 'analytical method'

An extraordinary ability.”

I said: "I understand this."

At present, this case is the best proof. You only know the result, and everything else must be observed and discovered by yourself. Okay, now let me explain the different steps or details of my investigation and reasoning in this case.

Let me explain it to you as best I can. I'll start from the beginning. As you know well, I walked to the empty house. At first, I didn't have the slightest preconception in my mind. Naturally, I started with the inspection.

Starting from the street, as I have already explained to you, I clearly found the traces of a carriage wheel on the street. After careful observation and study, I determined that the traces of the wheels must have been left at night. Because the wheels

The distance between them was relatively narrow, so I determined that this was not a carriage for personal use, but a four-wheeled carriage for hire. The carriages usually used in London are wider than the four-wheeled carriages for hire.

This was the first conclusion I drew from my observation. Then, I slowly walked onto the path in the garden. What a coincidence, that path was a clay path, and it was very easy to leave footprints. Before you

It seems that the path is just a muddy road that has been trampled by many people. However, to my well-trained eyes, every footprint on the path has its own special value. In Detective Science

Among the various disciplines, there is no one more important than the skill of footprint study, and the one most easily ignored by ordinary detectives. Fortunately, I have always attached great importance to learning and research on this subject. After repeated training, it has almost become my master.

It became second nature. I found the heavy boot prints of the detectives, the police officers, and the footprints of the two men who first passed through the garden. Their footprints were ahead of the others, and it was not difficult to show this. Since

From some sections of the road, it can be seen that their footprints have been trampled by the footprints of later generations and have disappeared. In this way, my second conclusion is drawn. This link proves that there are two night visitors to the empty house, one of the same size.

Burly, I deduced from the length of his stride; the other was richly dressed, judging from the small, delicate boot prints he left behind.

After walking into the house, this judgment was immediately confirmed. The deceased wearing small and exquisite boots was lying in front of me. If this was a murder case, then the tall man was the murderer. There were no injuries on the deceased, but his face

The nervous, panicked and excited expression left on his face convinced me that he had anticipated his fate before he died. If a person died of a heart attack or other sudden natural death, their face would never look like that.

There would be a nervous, panic and excited expression. I sniffed the lips of the deceased and smelled some sour smell, so I came to the conclusion that he was forced to take poison and died. In addition, from the fear on his face

Looking at him with resentment, I was even more sure that he was forced to take poison. I used this method of eliminating unreasonable assumptions and finally got this accurate conclusion, because any other assumptions cannot be consistent with the real situation. Don't think that

, this is an unheard-of fallacy. Being forced to take poison is by no means a new thing in the records of crime annals. Any toxicologist will immediately think of the Maumperier case of Retourier and the many cases in Odessa.

Erski case, etc.

Now, I want to talk about 'why' the tragedy happened. The purpose of the murder was not to rob property, and there was no lack of valuables on the deceased. So, is this an ordinary and simple vendetta? Or is it a subtle and complicated one?

What about political cases? This was the major problem I faced at the time. My thoughts were more inclined to the former judgment. In previous political cases, once the killer succeeded, he would definitely escape immediately. But in this murder case, it was just the opposite.

He seemed calm and composed, and also left a lot of his footprints in the house. This shows that the murderer has been at the scene of the crime from beginning to end. Therefore, it is certain that this is a vendetta, not a political murder.

Only a vendetta would resort to such desperate means of revenge. When the bloody writing on the wall was discovered, I became even more convinced of my own opinion. The murderer had created suspicions, and a closer look would tell. When the gold ring was discovered, the question

It is even more certain. It is obvious that the murderer used this gold ring to remind the victim of a dead or absent woman. I once asked Gregson about this, and in his telegram to Cleveland

I asked if there were any special problems in Drebber's past. You will remember that Gregson replied that there were no problems. After that, I started to take a closer look at the room.

, a thorough examination. The results of the examination convinced me that the murderer was a tall man, and I also found certain other details: for example, Indian cigars, the murderer's long nails, etc. Since there was no sign of a struggle in the house,

, I came to another conclusion at that time: the blood stains on the floor were the nosebleeds of the murderer when he was excited. I found that wherever there were blood stains, there were his footprints. Unless he was a person with strong blood, ordinary people would rarely

He bleeds profusely when he is emotionally excited. Therefore, I boldly thought that the murderer was probably a strong, red-faced man. Later, a series of facts proved that my inference was accurate.

After leaving the vacant house, I did what Gregson was so careless about. I sent a telegram to the Cleveland police chief, inquiring only about the marriage of Enoch J. Drieber. The call came back.

Clearly. I called back and said that Driber had accused a former love rival named Jefferson Hope and had requested legal protection; Hope was now in Europe. It was clear to me at that time that I had grasped the most critical clue to this mysterious case.

.What's left is to catch the murderer firmly.

At that time, I had concluded in my mind that the person who walked into the empty house with Driber was none other than the coachman. Because I could tell from some traces on the street that the horse pulling the coach had been walking around. If there was a coachman driving it,

, this will not happen. If the coachman is not in this room, where can he go? Another point is, if you think that a sane person will be in a third party who will definitely reveal his secret,

It is too ridiculous and ridiculous to commit a crime that has been planned for a long time in front of a person. The last point is that if someone wants to track another person around the huge city of London, besides being a coachman, is there any other alternative?

Is this a better way? After thinking about these questions, I came to an inevitable inference: Jefferson Hope must be found among London cab drivers.

If he had been a coachman, there is no reason to believe that he would just quit. On the contrary, from his perspective, a sudden change of job would make it easier for others to pay attention to him. At least for some days, he

He must continue to do his job. If it is judged that he is currently using a pseudonym, these reasons are not sufficient; in a country where no one knows his real name, why should he use a pseudonym? So I found a group of people on the street

Wandering teenagers formed a special investigation team and sent them step by step to every carriage factory in London to find out information until they found out the person I was looking for. They did a great job, and I used this method

A special investigation team is so convenient and fast, you must remember this clearly! Regarding the murder of Stangerson, I really did not expect this level, and I did not expect the incident to happen at all. However, this unexpected incident,

No matter what the circumstances, it is inevitable in the process of handling a case. As you already know, I found two pills in this incident. In fact, I have long assumed that there must be something similar. You see,

This case as a whole is a logical chain, connected from end to end without interruption.

"That's wonderful!" I couldn't stop shouting. "These abilities of yours should be published and let the public know. You should express your opinions on this case. If it is inconvenient for you, I will express it for you."

"If you like to do it this way, do it this way, doctor!" he said, "but take a look at this first!" he said, handing me a newspaper.

This is a picture of today's "Echo". The paragraph that Holmes pointed to is the report on the case we are discussing. The newspaper reported that because Jefferson Hope suddenly fell ill and died, the society lost

A shocking and interesting topic was revealed. Hope was a suspect in the murder of Joseph Stangerson and Enoch J. Driber. Although the reporter learned from the relevant authorities that this was a long-standing crime of love murder.

The case involves issues such as love and Mormonism. However, the inside story of this case may never be revealed. It is reported that the two victims were once powerful Mormons in Salt Lake City when they were young, and the inmates who died of illness

Hope is also from Salt Lake City. If this case has no other effect, at least it can illustrate that the speed with which our police detectives solved the case is enough to serve as a warning to all foreigners who like to cause disputes. They are still in their own

Countries should resolve their own disputes, and it is best not to bring these disputes to our British soil. The speed of solving the case is mainly attributed to the two famous detectives of Scotland Yard, Mr. Gregson and Mr. Leisweid. This is a public fact.

secret. It is reported that the murderer was arrested in the home of a Mr. Sherlock Holmes. As a private detective, Sherlock Holmes has shown certain talents in investigation work.

Under the guidance of outstanding mentors, they will have a bright future and will surely achieve further achievements. It is estimated that these two well-known agents will receive considerable awards as praise and recognition for their work achievements.

My partner laughed and said: "Isn't that what I told you in the beginning? This is the final result of my research on Scarlet Letters: I earned rewards for them!"

I comforted him and said: "It doesn't matter. I have recorded all the facts in my notebook. There will definitely be someone in the society who knows the truth. And the case has been solved. You should be satisfied. Just like a miser in Rome said:

'It's up to you to laugh and scold, I can do it myself; I have thousands of treasures in my family, but I can only appreciate them.'"

【Legal Commentary】

Because Drebber and Stangerson killed his beloved woman and adoptive father, Jefferson Hope almost went crazy and chased the murderers for thousands of miles, completing his "revenge" plan, and at the same time paid the price for what he had done.

Those who commit intentional homicide must accept a just trial, so what are the elements that constitute the crime of intentional homicide? According to the Criminal Law, the crime of intentional homicide must have the subjective intention to illegally deprive others of their lives, including direct and indirect intention.

That is, knowing that one's actions will cause the harmful consequences of the death of others, and hoping or allowing such consequences to occur. Objectively, first of all, there must be an act of depriving others of their lives, and secondly, the act of depriving others of their lives must be illegal, that is, it violates national laws.

, the third crime of direct intentional homicide and indirect intentional homicide require the death of the victim as an essential element, but only by ascertaining the causal relationship between the perpetrator's harmful behavior and the result of the victim's death can the perpetrator be held responsible. In this case

Although Jefferson Hope was out for revenge, his behavior constituted intentional homicide, and he paid a corresponding price. In our lives, when we encounter behaviors that infringe on the vital interests of ourselves, our family and friends,

We must maintain a calm and rational attitude, promptly inform the judicial department, and use just legal means to protect our rights and interests. We must not lose our minds because our rights and interests are damaged, and use violence to counter violence. Not only will this fail to protect our own rights,
Chapter completed!