As the largest naval battle since the emergence of steam ironclads, the influence of the Battle of Gunshan Bay on the world's navies was definitely not limited to the Qing Dynasty and Japan. After the naval battle, as time went by, more and more people

The details were sent to the naval commanders of various countries through various channels.

On your desk, not only the naval powers such as Britain, France and Russia have invested a lot of energy in this, but even Germany, a rising naval power, has also tried its best to collect relevant intelligence. And the naval experts from various countries can't sit still.

All kinds of arguments suddenly filled newspapers in various countries.

Compared with the sharp cruiser battle in the naval battle off the coast of Izu, the warships participating in the Gunsan Bay naval battle appeared to be uneven. In terms of the age of the ships, there were battleships from the 1970s and Japanese warships from the late 1980s, which spanned more than ten years.

Judging from the classification, both

There are gunboats, torpedo boats, and other small fish and shrimps, as well as various cruisers, and 5 ironclad ships of more than 7,000 tons, covering all ship types that a country can have, so it is a reference and can also reflect the maritime situation of this era.

Characteristics of the decisive battle

Whether it is Britain, France or Russia and Italy, the evaluation of the formations of both sides is one word "chaos". The Beiyang's combat method of mixing horizontal formations and columns is naturally very chaotic, but the Japanese fleet's column combat is also chaotic in the eyes of naval powers. It can be because of participating in

The models of warships in naval battles are too complicated, so there is no way to unify them in terms of maneuverability and navigation.

The three ships of Fuso, Kongo, and Hiei at the end of the column were destined to be thrown away. Izumi and Takachiho were dragged away and were not in the Japanese army's plan. Therefore, the entire naval battle was divided into four battlefields. The two sides fought extremely chaotically.

The chaotic battle situation made European countries that advocated side fighting in columns very unkind.

Naval powers generally believe that instead of mixing old warships together regardless of type and letting the old ships drag down the ship, it is better to directly divide them into two or more teams. If Fuso and other three ships form a formation with Japan's Haimen and other ships, their mission is

Delay and sacrifice to hold back the first Beiyang detachment and other slow ships. After the remaining relatively tall ships are no longer burdened by the old ships, they can give full play to their own firepower and navigation advantages to cripple the second force led by Zhenhai as soon as possible.

Detachment

Unfortunately, due to being dragged down by old ships, the battleships from Izumi and later were entangled by the Beiyang slow fleet. The weakened Japanese fast battleship fleet was unable to destroy Zhenhai and other ships in a short time, and ultimately caused a chaotic battle.

However, Mahan, who came from the other side of the ocean, put forward his own opinions on the way in which European countries advocated the basic navigation and maneuverability of the grouping. In his opinion, it is not scientific to group the warships based on their navigation conditions, but should be based on the tonnage, protection and maneuverability of the warships.

Firepower and possible enemies to organize

The Second Beiyang Detachment, which was organized according to the aviation formation, suffered a lot in the naval battle. Except for Zhenhai, all other warships were small ships under 2,300 tons. Compared with Japan's Sanjing Ship, their combat power was obviously not as good as Zhenhai's strength at the beginning.

Strong, I'm afraid the second team has already collapsed.

On the other hand, when Dingzhen joined the battle in the later stages of the naval battle, although he did not have an advantage in the number of ships, with the firepower of three ironclad ships, he still severely damaged the Japanese fleet and successfully covered the evacuation of the seriously injured ships. If at the beginning of the war, it would have been

Let the three ships of Zhenhai Dingyuan and Zhenyuan be organized into Jiyuan, and cover the main ironclad battles from far to far. The other high-speed cruisers may serve as guerrilla forces, and the Beiyang Fleet may achieve great results.

In terms of firepower, realizing the optimization of large-caliber artillery has always been the view of naval powers. In the naval battle, the huge damage displayed by the 12-inch 35-times aspect ratio artillery in Dingyuan and Zhenyuan made the senior navies of various countries pay attention to it.

Realized the significance of heavy artillery

However, although heavy artillery is powerful, it is an indisputable fact that it is slow. Therefore, in order to penetrate the opponent's armor and increase the hit rate, it is necessary to improve the artillery. In this regard, the British and Italians are obviously ahead, and the French

Immediately afterwards, the evolution of large-caliber artillery turrets was mentioned on the agenda of the navies of various countries.

In terms of protection, expanding the scope of protection was once again put on the agenda. The armor layout of only setting up a narrow armor belt on the waterline was completely abandoned. In the Battle of Kunshan Bay, Beiyang's two armored ships Jingyuan Laiyuan

The cruiser did not show its proper defensive capabilities because the armor belt height was too low.

In the face of a large number of artillery and high-explosive bombs, in order to prevent the warship from being burned, the protective area needs to be as large as possible, and it needs to be thick enough to withstand heavy artillery. Faced with such a demand, naval authorities from various countries have discovered that

The existing steel-faced armor can no longer meet the needs of the war. Under this situation, various countries have increased the production capacity of hardened armor. The Harvey hardened armor of the United States, the hardened armor of Italy, and the German Krupp hardened armor have since become

Hot items

In addition to hull protection, the protection of gun emplacements has also been mentioned to an unprecedented height. In a long and fierce battle, whoever can retain the most guns means victory in the battle. Therefore, warships from various countries have strengthened the gun galleries or turrets.

Protection to improve fire retention capabilities

In addition to the ironclads and cruisers participating in the battle, the role of torpedo boats also attracted the attention of all countries. In this naval battle, two battleships in the Beiyang were sunk by torpedo boats. Although torpedoes still have various problems, in this naval battle

The huge damage shown still shocked the senior navies of various countries."

Even if a torpedo attack cannot hit the opponent due to one or other problems in a naval battle, it can still provide cover for the fleet to adjust its formation or other tactical actions." Afterwards, British Admiral Hood commented on the role of torpedo boats. In order to improve the lightning strike capability,

Torpedo boats have also begun to think about large-scale development with confidence

Since torpedo attacks are so powerful, preventing the opponent's torpedo boat attacks has been put on the agenda. This method is very simple. One is to install a large number of 75mm anti-torpedo cannons on the warships. The other is to design

Specialized battleships were used to deal with torpedo ships, and the latter directly led to the birth of the torpedo cruiser. That's right, as the name suggests, this thing is not designed to deal with torpedoes, but to deal with destroyers that use torpedoes.

The torpedo attack tactic has become one of the important magic weapons for a weak navy to challenge a strong navy. Although the actual situation is not ideal, it at least provides a possibility.

In short, the impact of the Battle of Gunsan Bay was huge and far-reaching. It was hailed by many military experts as the most instructive naval battle in the history of steam warships. In the two months just after the Battle of Gunsan Bay, this statement was indeed justified. Qingri

The elite navies of both sides have fought hard in many naval battles, and both sides have suffered losses. Even if there is another war, the scale will not be as large as the Battle of Gunsan Bay. However, this conclusion was overturned by the large-scale naval battle a few months later.

Thanks to book friends Taishang Hongmeng Patriarch, Chinese Tiger Army, ququ for their monthly ticket support, as well as Xiao Feihu 0211, Kong Chen’s evaluation ticket. There is still one in the evening. I just went to v yesterday, the collection is almost 6700, and the subscription is only 300+. The author is very hurt (not finished)

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